{"id":15922,"date":"2021-08-08T23:09:53","date_gmt":"2021-08-08T23:09:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/?p=15922"},"modified":"2021-08-08T23:09:53","modified_gmt":"2021-08-08T23:09:53","slug":"cipy-pohanaju-vsetko-od-videohie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/cipy-pohanaju-vsetko-od-videohie\/","title":{"rendered":"Nedostatok polovodi\u010dov, \u010dipov, Lithium"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Nedostatok polovodi\u010dov a \u010dipov pomohol pumpova\u0165 ocenenie firiem, ako je Nvidia, ktorej \u010dipy poh\u00e1\u0148aj\u00fa v\u0161etko od videohier a\u017e po strojov\u00e9 u\u010denie a d\u00e1tov\u00e9 centr\u00e1. \u010cas boomu pre predajcov v\u0161ak znamen\u00e1 pre kupuj\u00facich utrpenie. Medzi obe\u0165ami s\u00fa aj automobilky  z ktor\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkov sa stali po\u010d\u00edta\u010de na koles\u00e1ch. Zisky spolo\u010dnosti Ford, druhej najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej americkej automobilky pod\u013ea objemu, klesli v poslednom \u0161tvr\u0165roku v d\u00f4sledku glob\u00e1lneho nedostatku \u010dipov o polovicu. Analytici tvrdia, \u017ee tento rok by priemysel mohol postavi\u0165 asi o 5 mili\u00f3nov automobilov menej, a to kv\u00f4li nedostatku ich najmen\u0161\u00edch komponentov.<\/p>\n<h1>Nedostatok polovodi\u010dov<\/h1>\n<p>V\u00fdrobcovia automobilov nie s\u00fa jedin\u00fdmi firmami, ktor\u00e9 c\u00edtia nap\u00e4tie. Apple a Microsoft tie\u017e varovali, \u017ee bud\u00fa ovplyvnen\u00e9. Pri\u0165ahovan\u00ed s\u00fa aj politici. \u010cipy bud\u00fa na programe e\u0161te tento mesiac, ke\u010f americk\u00e1 viceprezidentka Kamala Harris nav\u0161t\u00edvi Vietnam, v ktorom prekvit\u00e1 elektronick\u00fd priemysel.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p> Odch\u00e1dzaj\u00faca nemeck\u00e1 kancel\u00e1rka Angela Merkelov\u00e1 lamentovala nad mal\u00fdm podielom Eur\u00f3py na svetovej produkcii \u010dipov.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Nedostatok je v\u00fdsledkom n\u00e1hleho n\u00e1rastu dopytu. V\u00fdroba \u010dipov je cyklick\u00fd podnik, ktor\u00fd sa medzi vrcholmi a priehlbinami te\u0161\u00ed siln\u00e9mu rastu u\u017e desa\u0165ro\u010dia, preto\u017ee po\u010d\u00edta\u010de sa vkr\u00e1daj\u00fa do v\u0161etk\u00fdch k\u00fatov spolo\u010dnosti. Tento trend umocnila pand\u00e9mia. Uzamknut\u00ed spotrebitelia nakupovali online, na dia\u013eku sa prihlasovali na sch\u00f4dze a kr\u00e1tili si hodiny streamovan\u00edm videa a videohrami. V\u00fdsledkom bol prudk\u00fd n\u00e1rast dopytu po polovodi\u010doch, ktor\u00e9 nap\u00e1jaj\u00fa d\u00e1tov\u00e9 centr\u00e1 a pr\u00edstroje, ktor\u00e9 tak\u00e9 veci umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa, a upch\u00e1va tov\u00e1rne objedn\u00e1vkami.<\/p>\n<h2>Lithium, elektomobily, \u010dipy<\/h2>\n<p>Prv\u00fdm je investi\u010dn\u00fd boom. Ve\u013ek\u00ed v\u00fdrobcovia ako Intel, Samsung a tsmc pl\u00e1nuj\u00fa v najbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch rokoch min\u00fa\u0165 stovky mili\u00e1rd dol\u00e1rov na dodato\u010dn\u00fa kapacitu. Rovnako ako na mnoh\u00fdch trhoch s\u00fa vysok\u00e9 ceny najlep\u0161\u00edm liekom na vysok\u00e9 ceny.<\/p>\n<p>Druh\u00fdm je, \u017ee sa prisp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa aj z\u00e1kazn\u00edci \u010dipov\u00e9ho priemyslu. Ke\u010f sa na za\u010diatku pand\u00e9mie dopyt zr\u00fatil, automobilky zn\u00ed\u017eili objedn\u00e1vky u v\u00fdrobcov \u010dipov. Ve\u013ekos\u0165 a vplyv automobilov\u00e9ho priemyslu znamenaj\u00fa, \u017ee je zvyknut\u00fd objedn\u00e1va\u0165 si dod\u00e1vate\u013eov v okol\u00ed. Ke\u010f sa v\u0161ak dopyt zotavil, ocitol sa na konci poradia kv\u00f4li dlh\u00fdm dodac\u00edm lehot\u00e1m a konkurencii o kapacitu z e\u0161te v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ieho a vplyvnej\u0161ieho technologick\u00e9ho priemyslu.<\/p>\n<p>Nepr\u00edjemn\u00e1 sk\u00fasenos\u0165 by\u0165 sk\u00f4r uch\u00e1dza\u010dom ako \u0161\u00e9fom prin\u00fatila automobilky prevzia\u0165 pr\u00edsnej\u0161iu kontrolu nad dod\u00e1vkami \u017eivotne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch komponentov. V nadv\u00e4znosti na dez\u00e9ny pneumat\u00edk spolo\u010dnosti Tesla ozn\u00e1mil Volkswagen pl\u00e1ny na vlastn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj \u010dipov na podporu vodi\u010da. Ostatn\u00e9 firmy nadv\u00e4zuj\u00fa u\u017e\u0161ie vz\u0165ahy s v\u00fdrobcami \u010dipov. <\/p>\n<p>Japonsk\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Toyota tento nedostatok relat\u00edvne dobre zvl\u00e1dla, \u010diasto\u010dne preto, \u017ee v \u010dase pand\u00e9mie bolo zni\u017eovanie objedn\u00e1vok pomal\u0161ie. V j\u00fani Robert Bosch, ve\u013ek\u00fd dod\u00e1vate\u013e automobilov\u00fdch s\u00fa\u010diastok, prestrihol p\u00e1sku vo vlastnej tov\u00e1rni na \u010dipy v hodnote 1 miliardy eur v Dr\u00e1\u017e\u010fanoch. Prepracovan\u00e9 dod\u00e1vate\u013esk\u00e9 re\u0165azce bud\u00fa odolnej\u0161ie.<\/p>\n<p>Tret\u00edm, nev\u00edtan\u00fdm efektom bol n\u00e1rast techno-nacionalizmu. Amerika pl\u00e1nuje rozda\u0165 miliardy dol\u00e1rov, aby nal\u00e1kala v\u00fdrobcov \u010dipov sp\u00e4\u0165 z v\u00fdchodnej \u00c1zie. Eur\u00f3pa chce do roku 2030 zdvojn\u00e1sobi\u0165 svoj podiel na glob\u00e1lnej produkcii na 20%. <\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Dokonca aj Brit\u00e1nia vyhl\u00e1sila osud malej tov\u00e1rne na \u010dipy vo Walese za vec n\u00e1rodnej bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Argument, \u017ee \u010dipy obsadili to, \u010do sa predt\u00fdm naz\u00fdvalo \u201evelite\u013esk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky\u201c ekonomiky, m\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00fa silu sp\u00f4sobom, ak\u00fdm to robili ropn\u00e9 rafin\u00e9rie alebo automobilky v 20. storo\u010d\u00ed. Zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 koncentr\u00e1cia v\u00fdroby na Taiwane je nepohodln\u00fdm geopolitick\u00fdm rizikom. Ako v\u0161ak vl\u00e1dy minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia zistili, dot\u00e1cie ved\u00fa k nadmernej kapacite a nadbytku a nakoniec k e\u0161te v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iemu po\u010dtu \u017eiadost\u00ed o verejn\u00e9 peniaze na podporu nekonkuren\u010dn\u00fdch podnikov. <\/p>\n<p>Nedostatok \u010dipov je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou probl\u00e9mom, ktor\u00fd si rie\u0161i s\u00e1m. Vl\u00e1dy by mali odola\u0165 poku\u0161eniu vidie\u0165 sa ako z\u00e1chrancovia.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p> A ten nedostatok polovodi\u010dov je pr\u00ed\u010dinou pre\u010do sa zrazu debiln\u00fd Rus\u00e1k star\u00e1 o Mjanmarsko, lebo maj\u00fa l\u00edthium. Rus\u00e1k by chcel ovl\u00e1dnu\u0165 trh z polovodi\u010dmi, ale je tup\u00fd ako bed\u0148a zasrat\u00e9ho rusk\u00e9ho gitu, tak sa mu to nepodar\u00ed. <\/p>\n<p>Zatia\u013e tam dok\u00e1zal presadi\u0165 len to \u017ee v Mjanmarsku je opoz\u00edcia ozna\u010den\u00e1 za teroristov ako v rusku a kon\u010di okam\u017eite v base a trestom smrti. Takto sk\u00fa\u0161a \u015aojgu \u010di sa n\u00e1rod nevzb\u00fari, ke\u010f to urobia v Rusku. Ale je tam Covid-19 Delta, tak zatia\u013e \u010du\u0161\u00ed ako pri Afganistane, lebo sa boji o ka\u017ed\u00e9ho vojaka, ktor\u00fdch nem\u00e1. In\u00e1\u010d by sa tam d\u00e1vno na Bi\u013eakov list nanominoval ako do celej v\u00fdchodnej Afriky aj s Wagnerom vopred. Debil Prigo\u017ein sa tie\u017e boj\u00ed Covid-19 \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nedostatok polovodi\u010dov a \u010dipov pomohol pumpova\u0165 ocenenie firiem, ako je Nvidia, ktorej \u010dipy poh\u00e1\u0148aj\u00fa v\u0161etko od videohier a\u017e po strojov\u00e9 u\u010denie a d\u00e1tov\u00e9 centr\u00e1. \u010cas boomu pre predajcov v\u0161ak znamen\u00e1 pre kupuj\u00facich utrpenie. Medzi obe\u0165ami s\u00fa aj automobilky z ktor\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkov sa stali po\u010d\u00edta\u010de na koles\u00e1ch. Zisky spolo\u010dnosti Ford, druhej najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej americkej automobilky pod\u013ea objemu, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15922","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exo-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15922","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15922"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15922\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15922"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15922"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15922"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}