{"id":16924,"date":"2021-09-07T13:01:23","date_gmt":"2021-09-07T13:01:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/?p=16924"},"modified":"2021-09-07T13:01:23","modified_gmt":"2021-09-07T13:01:23","slug":"taliban-zautocil-na-pandzsir-poslednu-bastu-afganistanu-34-provicia-ahmad-masoud","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/taliban-zautocil-na-pandzsir-poslednu-bastu-afganistanu-34-provicia-ahmad-masoud\/","title":{"rendered":"Taliban za\u00fato\u010dil do Pand\u017e\u0161\u00edru, posledn\u00fa ba\u0161tu Afganistanu, Ahmad Masoud"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Taliban za\u00fato\u010dil na Pand\u017e\u0161\u00edr posledn\u00fa ba\u0161tu Afganistanu. Len tak mimochodom  ovl\u00e1dali &#8220;33&#8221; provinci\u00ed a tou 34 je pr\u00e1ve  \u00fadolie Panjshir, \u0161t\u00edhla a \u010dlenit\u00e1 dr\u00e1\u017eka vysekan\u00e1 do h\u00f4r 150 km severne od K\u00e1bulu, ob\u00fdvan\u00e1 etnick\u00fdmi Tad\u017eikmi, bola v 80. rokoch minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia podroben\u00e1 vlne za vlnou sovietskych \u00fatokov. <\/p>\n<h1>Taliban za\u00fato\u010dil na posledn\u00fa ba\u0161tu Afganistanu, Pand\u017e\u0161\u00edr <\/h1>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00e9ho odohnal Ahmad \u0160\u00e1h Mas\u00fad, legend\u00e1rny protisovietsky a nesk\u00f4r protitalibansk\u00fd velite\u013e, ktor\u00e9ho fotografia zdob\u00ed k\u00e1bulsk\u00e9 letisko. Masoudov odpor bol tak\u00fd h\u00fa\u017eevnat\u00fd, \u017ee 9. septembra 2001, nieko\u013eko dn\u00ed pred \u00fatokmi z 11. septembra, vyslala al-K\u00e1ida v s\u00falade s postupom Talibanu dva bombard\u00e9ry, aby ho zavra\u017edili. Aj v Panjshire, o nieko\u013eko t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov nesk\u00f4r, 26. septembra, za\u010dala Amerika svoju vojnu v Afganistane s mal\u00fdm t\u00edmom CIA vyslan\u00fdm na stretnutie s Masoudov\u00fdmi s\u00fadruhmi.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\"  id=\"imog3\" src=\"\/image\/masou.jpg\" alt=\"Ahmad Masoud\" \/><br \/>\nV posledn\u00fdch t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148och je to 32-ro\u010dn\u00fd Masoudov syn Ahmad Masoud, ktor\u00fd sa zahol do \u00fadolia, spolu s Amrullahom Salehom, podpredsedom vl\u00e1dy, ktor\u00fa 15. augusta zvrhol Taliban. <\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Napriek tomu, \u017ee Masoud senior viac ako desa\u0165 rokov maril sovietske a talibansk\u00e9 \u00fadery, odpor jeho syna sa zr\u00fatil za menej ako mesiac.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Po v\u00edkende urputn\u00fdch bojov 6. septembra hovorca Talibanu uviedol, \u017ee skupina prevzala \u201e\u00fapln\u00fa kontrolu\u201c nad provinciou Panjshir. Vide\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 kolovali po soci\u00e1lnych m\u00e9di\u00e1ch, ukazovali v\u00ed\u0165azosl\u00e1vneho Taliba, ako vzt\u00fd\u010dil \u010diernobielu vlajku v provin\u010dnom hlavnom meste Bazarak. Niektor\u00ed p\u00f3zovali pred br\u00e1nami mesta pod portr\u00e9tom Masouda seniora, ktor\u00fd na nich ne\u0161kodne h\u013eadel. In\u00ed si prezerali zbierku helikopt\u00e9r v dome guvern\u00e9ra a dychtivo sa chceli prida\u0165 k ich otrhan\u00e9mu letectvu.<\/p>\n<h1>Ahmad \u0160\u00e1h Mas\u00fad, protisovietsky velite\u013e<\/h1>\n<p>Afgansk\u00fd front n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho odporu (NRF), politick\u00e9 hnutie p\u00e1na Masouda, tvrdenia Talibanu poprel. &#8220;Sily NRF s\u00fa pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 na v\u0161etk\u00fdch strategick\u00fdch poz\u00edci\u00e1ch v \u00fadol\u00ed, aby pokra\u010dovali v boji,&#8221; uviedol hovorca na twitteri. &#8220;Boj proti Talibanu a jeho partnerom bude pokra\u010dova\u0165.&#8221; Ali Nazary, ved\u00faci skupiny pre zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 vz\u0165ahy skupiny, povedal, \u017ee p\u00e1n Masoud je v bezpe\u010d\u00ed a \u010doskoro dod\u00e1 spr\u00e1vu. <\/p>\n<p>Vo zvukovej spr\u00e1ve zverejnenej nesk\u00f4r p\u00e1n Masoud s\u013e\u00fabil, \u017ee bude pokra\u010dova\u0165 v boji \u201ev \u00fadoliach Hind\u00faku\u0161a, Panjshiru a Andarabu\u201c. <\/p>\n<p>Ak je ale e\u0161te v krajine, jeho vyhliadky nevyzeraj\u00fa dobre. Geografia regi\u00f3nu, s men\u0161\u00edmi \u00fadoliami odbo\u010duj\u00facimi z hlavn\u00e9ho, \u200b\u200bznamen\u00e1, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00fd sporadick\u00fd odpor m\u00f4\u017ee pokra\u010dova\u0165, aj ke\u010f potok Taliban kles\u00e1 po rieke Panjshir. &#8220;Niektor\u00e9 skupiny sa tam pok\u00fasia vies\u0165 druh partiz\u00e1nskej vojny,&#8221; \u201dHovor\u00ed Antonio Giustozzi, odborn\u00edk na Taliban. &#8220;Pochybujem, \u017ee to bude udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9,&#8221; dod\u00e1va.<\/p>\n<p>V dev\u00e4\u0165desiatych rokoch minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia dod\u00e1vali bojovn\u00edci Panjshiri Ir\u00e1n a India &#8211; mlad\u00fd p\u00e1n Saleh, ktor\u00fd zohr\u00e1va k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu &#8211; a \u0165a\u017eili z dod\u00e1vok z Tad\u017eikistanu na sever. Tentoraz bleskov\u00fd postup Talibanu do zna\u010dnej miery obklopil \u00fadolie a preru\u0161il tieto z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 lan\u00e1. Napriek tomu, \u017ee z\u00e1padn\u00e9 spravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby boli s Mas\u00fadom v kontakte, len m\u00e1lo z nich bolo ochotn\u00fdch poskytn\u00fa\u0165 zna\u010dn\u00fa podporu po\u010das evaku\u00e1cie cudz\u00edch \u0161t\u00e1tnych pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkov z K\u00e1bulu. \u010eal\u0161\u00ed l\u00eddri anti-Talibanu v severnom Afganistane, ako napr\u00edklad Atta Mohammad Noor, jeho kolega z Tad\u017eiku, a Abdul Rashid Dostum, uzbeck\u00fd vojnov\u00fd velite\u013e, z krajiny utiekli.<\/p>\n<p>Napriek tomu, \u017ee v polovici augusta uniklo do \u00fadolia mnoho afgansk\u00fdch komand, p\u00e1novi Masoudovi nakoniec zostalo m\u00e1lo sk\u00fasen\u00fdch bojovn\u00edkov a takmer \u017eiadne \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 zbrane. Jeden zdroj hovor\u00ed, \u017ee ke\u010f\u017ee boje zintenz\u00edvnili, p\u00e1n Saleh utiekol do zahrani\u010dia a vzal so sebou aj komanda. P\u00e1n Masoud zveril a vyzbrojil mlad\u00fdch mu\u017eov vr\u00e1tane smaragdov\u00fdch ban\u00edkov, ktor\u00ed boli pokosen\u00ed. 5. septembra bol \u00fadajne v bitke zabit\u00fd Fahim Dashty, hovorca NRF, spolu s \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi predstavite\u013emi Panjshiri. Pod\u013ea osoby obozn\u00e1menej s bojmi Taliban nasadil tis\u00edce bojovn\u00edkov a lietal na ozbrojen\u00fdch dronoch. <\/p>\n<p>&#8220;V\u010dera ve\u010der to zmenilo hru,&#8221; hovor\u00ed. <\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Mnoho Afgancov vin\u00ed Pakistan, ktor\u00e9ho \u0161\u00e9f \u0161pi\u00f3nov nav\u0161t\u00edvil K\u00e1bul 4. septembra, \u017ee umo\u017enil postup Talibanu.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>P\u00e1n Masoud d\u00fafal, \u017ee vydr\u017e\u00ed a\u017e do zimy, ke\u010f \u00fadolie prirodzene posiln\u00ed sne\u017eenie. Jeho zjavn\u00fdm cie\u013eom bolo uzavrie\u0165 dohodu s Talibanom, aby sa zaru\u010dila dlhodob\u00e1 auton\u00f3mia oblasti. V d\u0148och po dobyt\u00ed K\u00e1bulu Talibanom sa z\u00e1stupcovia skupiny stretli s n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdmi a vojensk\u00fdmi predstavite\u013emi Panjshiriho, aby prediskutovali tak\u00fdto kompromis. 5. septembra, ke\u010f tis\u00edce vojakov Talibanu \u00fato\u010dili na \u00fadolie, p\u00e1n Masoud vyzval na vz\u00e1jomn\u00e9 pr\u00edmerie a rokovania o \u201etrvalom mieri\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Teraz je to nepravdepodobn\u00e9. Talibanova kontrola nad Panjshirom ich stavia do ved\u00facej politickej a vojenskej poz\u00edcie. Od sovietskej inv\u00e1zie v roku 1979. \u017eiadna sila neohrozila z\u00e1ber Afganistanu. Zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 mocnosti nemaj\u00fa in\u00fa mo\u017enos\u0165, ako sa s nimi vysporiada\u0165. V posledn\u00fdch t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148och sa st\u00e1ly pr\u00fad zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch stra\u0161idiel a diplomatov \u0161\u00e9f americkej CIA, predseda britsk\u00e9ho spolo\u010dn\u00e9ho spravodajsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdboru, <em>ved\u00faci pakistanskej \u0161pion\u00e1\u017enej agent\u00fary a vyslanci z nieko\u013ek\u00fdch kraj\u00edn stretol s vysok\u00fdmi predstavite\u013emi Talibanu v Katare<\/em>, kde skupina m\u00e1 kancel\u00e1riu alebo v K\u00e1bule. Amerika, Katar a Turecko pracuj\u00fa na op\u00e4tovnom otvoren\u00ed mestsk\u00e9ho letiska, \u010do umo\u017en\u00ed obnovenie komer\u010dn\u00fdch letov.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed\u0165azstvo v\u0161ak prin\u00e1\u0161a zodpovednos\u0165. Taliban opakovane odkladal ozn\u00e1menie svojej vl\u00e1dy, \u010do nazna\u010duje, \u017ee skupina sa st\u00e1le spor\u00ed o to, ako rozdeli\u0165 koris\u0165 v\u00ed\u0165azstva. Sie\u0165 Haqqani, poloauton\u00f3mna skupina s tesn\u00fdmi v\u00e4zbami na al-K\u00e1idu a pakistansk\u00e9 spravodajsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby, si zhor\u0161ila svoje postavenie t\u00fdm, \u017ee prevzala kontrolu nad bezpe\u010dnos\u0165ou vo ve\u013ek\u00fdch \u010dastiach K\u00e1bulu. Mnoho v\u00fdchodn\u00fdch a severn\u00fdch frakci\u00ed Talibanu, vr\u00e1tane t\u00fdch, ktor\u00e9 bud\u00fa hra\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fa \u00falohu v ofenz\u00edve Panjshir, znepokojuje nadvl\u00e1da Talibov z ju\u017en\u00fdch provinci\u00ed, najm\u00e4 Helmandu.<\/p>\n<p>Ak s\u00fa frak\u010dn\u00e9 politiky v r\u00e1mci Talibanu o\u0161emetn\u00e9, dom\u00e1ca politika je e\u0161te \u0165a\u017e\u0161ia. Za tri t\u00fd\u017edne od prevzatia K\u00e1bulu \u010delil Taliban viac verejn\u00fdm demon\u0161tr\u00e1ci\u00e1m, ako po\u010das piatich rokov vl\u00e1dy v rokoch 1996 a\u017e 2001. 4. septembra skupina n\u00e1silne preru\u0161ila protest afgansk\u00fdch \u017eien v K\u00e1bule. Podobn\u00e9 protesty vypukli v Herate a Farah na z\u00e1pade a v Balch a Mazar-i-Sharif na severe.<\/p>\n<p>A hoci Taliban tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee chce \u201einkluz\u00edvnu\u201c vl\u00e1du, n\u00e1siln\u00e9 dobytie Panjshiru to bude \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie. <\/p>\n<p>\u201eJe pravdepodobn\u00e9, \u017ee to nielen\u017ee povzbud\u00ed Tad\u017eikov, ale aj \u010fal\u0161ie men\u0161iny ako Hazara,\u201c hovor\u00ed Ibraheem Bahiss z think-tanku International Crisis Group. <\/p>\n<p>Napriek tomu, \u017ee Taliban u\u017e nie je tak\u00fd ovl\u00e1dan\u00fd Pu\u0161tunom, ako kedysi a maj\u00fa vo svojich radoch Tad\u017eikov a Uzbekov, nieko\u013eko vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch predstavite\u013eov in\u00fdch ako Talibancov z t\u00fdchto etnick\u00fdch skup\u00edn sa teraz pravdepodobne pripoj\u00ed k nov\u00e9mu re\u017eimu ak bud\u00fa disponova\u0165 akouko\u013evek mocou.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p> Ak z dlhodob\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska Taliban nedok\u00e1\u017ee zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 etnick\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie,\u201c varuje p\u00e1n Bahiss, \u201euvid\u00edme v krajine vriace nap\u00e4tie so skuto\u010dnou mo\u017enos\u0165ou, \u017ee prerastie do rozsiahleho konfliktu.\u201c<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Taliban za\u00fato\u010dil na Pand\u017e\u0161\u00edr posledn\u00fa ba\u0161tu Afganistanu. Len tak mimochodom ovl\u00e1dali &#8220;33&#8221; provinci\u00ed a tou 34 je pr\u00e1ve \u00fadolie Panjshir, \u0161t\u00edhla a \u010dlenit\u00e1 dr\u00e1\u017eka vysekan\u00e1 do h\u00f4r 150 km severne od K\u00e1bulu, ob\u00fdvan\u00e1 etnick\u00fdmi Tad\u017eikmi, bola v 80. rokoch minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia podroben\u00e1 vlne za vlnou sovietskych \u00fatokov. Taliban za\u00fato\u010dil na posledn\u00fa ba\u0161tu Afganistanu, Pand\u017e\u0161\u00edr Ka\u017ed\u00e9ho [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16924","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exo-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16924","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16924"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16924\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16924"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16924"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16924"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}