{"id":19192,"date":"2021-11-08T12:30:54","date_gmt":"2021-11-08T12:30:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/?p=19192"},"modified":"2021-11-08T12:30:54","modified_gmt":"2021-11-08T12:30:54","slug":"zariadenie-na-vyrobu-lng-projekt-gorgon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/zariadenie-na-vyrobu-lng-projekt-gorgon\/","title":{"rendered":"Zariadenie na v\u00fdrobu LNG, Projekt Gorgon, skvapalnen\u00fd plyn"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zariadenie na v\u00fdrobu LNG, Projekt Gorgon v Austr\u00e1lii, ostrov Barrow. Projekt Gorgon skvapalnen\u00fd plyn, ktor\u00fd sa le\u017e\u00ed pribli\u017ene 60 km od pobre\u017eia Z\u00e1padnej Austr\u00e1lie, je v prev\u00e1dzke od marca 2016. Integrovan\u00fd projekt na skvapalnen\u00fd zemn\u00fd plyn Gorgon (LNG) v hodnote 54 mili\u00e1rd USD zah\u0155\u0148a rozvoj pobre\u017en\u00fdch plynov\u00fdch pol\u00ed Gorgon a Jansz-Io v oblasti Greater Gorgon v \u010diastkovom povod\u00ed Barrow v Carnarvonskej panve a elektr\u00e1re\u0148 na skvapalnen\u00fd zemn\u00fd plyn a dom\u00e1cu plyn\u00e1re\u0148 na ostrove Barrow. Zariadenie ho\u010fte do ko\u0161a, prich\u00e1dza zariadenie na v\u00fdrobu vo\u013enej energie.<\/p>\n

Zariadenie na v\u00fdrobu LNG<\/h1>\n

Od spustenia v\u00fdroby v roku 2016 Gorgon su\u017euj\u00fa nepl\u00e1novan\u00e9 v\u00fdpadky. Da\u0148ov\u00e9 priznania nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee e\u0161te nedosahuje zisk. A jeho doteraj\u0161ie zlyhanie pri izol\u00e1cii \u0161tyroch p\u00e4t\u00edn oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho vyroben\u00e9ho z jeho plynov\u00fdch z\u00e1sobn\u00edkov skartovalo d\u00f4veryhodnos\u0165 jeho environment\u00e1lnych z\u00e1v\u00e4zkov. Zachyt\u00e1vanie uhl\u00edka sa pova\u017euje za k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 pre bud\u00facnos\u0165 LNG na ostrove Barrow a inde.<\/p>\n

Zariadenie Gorgon LNG prev\u00e1dzkovan\u00e9 spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou Chevron m\u00e1 kapacitu na v\u00fdrobu 15,6 mili\u00f3na ton (Mt) LNG ro\u010dne po\u010das svojej odhadovanej prev\u00e1dzkovej \u017eivotnosti 40 rokov.
\n\"V\u00fdroba
\nProjekt Gorgon v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti prech\u00e1dza druhou f\u00e1zou v\u00fdvoja na mori, ktor\u00e1 zah\u0155\u0148a \u010fal\u0161ie \u0165a\u017eobn\u00e9 vrty, podmorsk\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary a pobre\u017en\u00e9 potrubia na udr\u017eanie toku nap\u00e1jacieho plynu do zariadenia na spracovanie LNG.<\/p>\n

Napriek tomu je symbolom presved\u010denia medzi mov, \u017ee aj ke\u010f dopyt po rope vrchol\u00ed, ke\u010f sa svet presunie na \u010distej\u0161ie paliv\u00e1, spotreba lng bude v nasleduj\u00facich desa\u0165ro\u010diach na\u010falej r\u00e1s\u0165, najm\u00e4 v \u00c1zii. Len Gorgon d\u00fafa, \u017ee bude produkova\u0165 a prepravova\u0165 zemn\u00fd plyn do polovice 50. rokov 20. storo\u010dia, jedn\u00e9ho d\u0148a so zna\u010dn\u00fdm ziskom. <\/p>\n

Prudk\u00fd n\u00e1rast cien lng v posledn\u00fdch mesiacoch v d\u00f4sledku prudk\u00e9ho n\u00e1rastu dopytu z \u010c\u00edny rozd\u00fachal tieto n\u00e1deje. Napriek tomu, \u017ee ve\u013ek\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti zdvojn\u00e1sobuj\u00fa spotrebu paliva, nar\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa na realitu, \u017ee je \u010doraz \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie prevzia\u0165 kontroln\u00e9 podiely v nov\u00fdch megaprojektoch a dokonca aj tie, ktor\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eu vyvin\u00fa\u0165, maj\u00fa rast\u00face rizik\u00e1. lng nie je ni\u010d ako relat\u00edvne bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 st\u00e1vka, ako ho vykres\u013euje ropn\u00fd priemysel.<\/p>\n

Bezprostredn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom, ktor\u00e9mu \u010delia ve\u013ek\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti je zmena v rovnov\u00e1he s\u00edl. Hlbok\u00e9 vreck\u00e1 a chu\u0165 riskova\u0165 gigantov ako ExxonMobil, Shell a TotalEnergies boli kedysi nevyhnutn\u00e9 na zvl\u00e1danie v\u00fdziev spojen\u00fdch s budovan\u00edm tov\u00e1rn\u00ed na mrazen\u00fd plyn v nehostinn\u00fdch miestach. Teraz n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u0161ampi\u00f3ni v Katare a Rusku, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa domovom najs\u013eubnej\u0161\u00edch zdrojov, tvrdia, \u017ee sa bez nich do ve\u013ekej miery zaob\u00eddu. <\/p>\n

Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Qatar Energy, plyn\u00e1rensk\u00fd gigant, prevzala ved\u00facu \u00falohu vo v\u00fdvoji najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ieho komplexu LNG v hist\u00f3rii, \u010do predstavuje roz\u0161\u00edrenie svojej lokality North Field za 30 mili\u00e1rd dol\u00e1rov. IOCS boli odk\u00e1zan\u00e9 na uch\u00e1dzanie sa o men\u0161inov\u00e9 podiely v projekte, \u010do im v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou d\u00e1va pr\u00e1vo uv\u00e1dza\u0165 na trh prudk\u00fd n\u00e1rast katarsk\u00e9ho plynu, ktor\u00fd by mal zasiahnu\u0165 trh v polovici dek\u00e1dy. Investova\u0165 m\u00f4\u017eu aj \u010d\u00ednske ropn\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti. Ve\u013ek\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti s\u00fa stla\u010den\u00e9, hovor\u00ed Giles Farrer z poradenskej spolo\u010dnosti Wood Mackenzie.<\/p>\n

Ned\u00e1vny n\u00e1rast spotov\u00fdch cien m\u00f4\u017ee op\u00e4\u0165 zmeni\u0165 n\u00e1ladu. Napriek tomu niektor\u00ed kupuj\u00faci \u010delia takej neistote oh\u013eadom bud\u00facnosti zemn\u00e9ho plynu z d\u00f4vodu rastu obnovite\u013en\u00fdch zdrojov, \u017ee bud\u00fa ochotn\u00ed podpisova\u0165 dlhodob\u00e9 zmluvy. Pre IOC je d\u00f4sledkom, \u017ee krat\u0161ie zmluvy zvy\u0161uj\u00fa riziko invest\u00edci\u00ed LNG s dlhou n\u00e1vratnos\u0165ou.<\/p>\n

To prid\u00e1va k argumentom, aby sa zamerali na projekty s kr\u00e1tkym cyklom, aby sa zn\u00ed\u017eilo nebezpe\u010denstvo, \u017ee po dekarboniz\u00e1cii svetov\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1rstva im zostan\u00fa uviaznut\u00e9 akt\u00edva.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Existuje cesta von z v\u00e4zby. Ve\u013ek\u00ed, najm\u00e4 eur\u00f3pske, prech\u00e1dzaj\u00fa od megaprojektov k obchodovaniu s n\u00e1kladmi paliva in\u00fdch v\u00fdrobcov. Zni\u017euje mno\u017estvo kapit\u00e1lu, ktor\u00fd maj\u00fa viazan\u00fd v \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch akt\u00edvach a \u0161pinav\u00fdch paliv\u00e1ch. Pom\u00e1ha im tie\u017e dodr\u017ea\u0165 s\u013euby sta\u0165 sa portf\u00f3liov\u00fdmi spolo\u010dnos\u0165ami obchoduj\u00facimi so v\u0161etk\u00fdmi druhmi zdrojov energie v \u00e9re masovej elektrifik\u00e1cie. Ale to je in\u00fd biznis. <\/p>\n

Bari\u00e9ry vstupu s\u00fa ni\u017e\u0161ie. Konkuruj\u00fa si obchodn\u00e9 domy ako Trafigura, Vitol, Gunvor a Glencore. A \u010d\u00ednske firmy ako Sinopec, ktor\u00e9 minul\u00fd mesiac podp\u00edsali dve dlhodob\u00e9 zmluvy s Venture Global LNG americk\u00fdm export\u00e9rom sa javia ako potenci\u00e1lni rivali.<\/p>\n

To v\u0161etko prispieva k neistote. Ve\u013ek\u00e9 invest\u00edcie, komplexn\u00e9 in\u017einierstvo a n\u00e1vratnos\u0165 projektov ako je Gorgon, trvaj\u00faca cel\u00e9 gener\u00e1cie, sp\u00f4sobili, \u017ee obchod s LNG je u\u017e dlho jedn\u00fdm z rozmachov a krachov. <\/p>\n

V \u00e9re kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch zml\u00fav uprostred v\u0161etk\u00fdch ot\u00e1znikov spojen\u00fdch s klimatick\u00fdmi zmenami, bud\u00facnos\u0165 nemus\u00ed by\u0165 o ni\u010d menej nest\u00e1la. Od po\u010datia Gorgona sa svet zmenil. Pre MOV m\u00f4\u017ee ve\u013ek\u00e1 st\u00e1vka na Barrow Island \u010doskoro patri\u0165 do minulosti. <\/p>\n

\n

Vo\u013en\u00e1 Energia<\/h2>\n

Ak to predikuje economist, chlapci zaba\u013ete to \u010dim sk\u00f4r a h\u013eadajte zariadenia na Free Energy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zariadenie na v\u00fdrobu LNG, Projekt Gorgon v Austr\u00e1lii, ostrov Barrow. Projekt Gorgon skvapalnen\u00fd plyn, ktor\u00fd sa le\u017e\u00ed pribli\u017ene 60 km od pobre\u017eia Z\u00e1padnej Austr\u00e1lie, je v prev\u00e1dzke od marca 2016. Integrovan\u00fd projekt na skvapalnen\u00fd zemn\u00fd plyn Gorgon (LNG) v hodnote 54 mili\u00e1rd USD zah\u0155\u0148a rozvoj pobre\u017en\u00fdch plynov\u00fdch pol\u00ed Gorgon a Jansz-Io v oblasti Greater Gorgon […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exo-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19192","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19192"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19192\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19192"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19192"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}