{"id":22671,"date":"2022-02-14T14:58:42","date_gmt":"2022-02-14T14:58:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/?p=22671"},"modified":"2022-02-14T14:58:42","modified_gmt":"2022-02-14T14:58:42","slug":"ruske-lietadla-obsahovali-pocitacove-cipy-a-komponenty-vyrobene-v-usa-a-europe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/ruske-lietadla-obsahovali-pocitacove-cipy-a-komponenty-vyrobene-v-usa-a-europe\/","title":{"rendered":"Rusk\u00e9 drony zostrelen\u00e9 nad Ukrajinou boli pln\u00e9 z\u00e1padn\u00fdch \u010dast\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rusk\u00e9 bezpilotn\u00e9 lietadl\u00e1 zostrelen\u00e9 nad Ukrajinou boli pln\u00e9 z\u00e1padn\u00fdch \u010dast\u00ed. Sledovacie bezpilotn\u00e9 lietadl\u00e1 obsahovali po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 \u010dipy a komponenty vyroben\u00e9 v USA a Eur\u00f3pe. Washington zva\u017euje kroky na zablokovanie tohto obchodu. Motor poch\u00e1dzal od nemeckej spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e1 dod\u00e1va model\u00e1rskym fan\u00fa\u0161ikom lietadiel. Rusk\u00e9 drony zostrelen\u00e9 nad Ukrajinou. Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 \u010dipy pre navig\u00e1ciu a bezdr\u00f4tov\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu vyrobili dod\u00e1vatelia z USA. Britsk\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 poskytla \u010dip na sn\u00edmanie pohybu. \u010eal\u0161ie diely poch\u00e1dzali zo \u0160vaj\u010diarska a Ju\u017enej K\u00f3rey.<\/p>\n

Bezpilotn\u00e9 lietadl\u00e1 ktor\u00e9 boli zostrelen\u00e9 nad Ukrajinou<\/h1>\n

Za\u010diatkom roka 2017 ukrajinsk\u00e9 sily bojuj\u00face so separatistami podporovan\u00fdmi Ruskom zostrelili bezpilotn\u00e9 lietadlo, ktor\u00e9 vykon\u00e1valo dozor nad v\u00fdchodn\u00fdm kr\u00eddlom Ukrajiny. Bezpilotn\u00e9 lietadlo takmer \u0161es\u0165 st\u00f4p dlh\u00e9, s ku\u017ee\u013eovit\u00fdm nosom a leskl\u00fdm siv\u00fdm telom, malo v\u0161etky vonkaj\u0161ie vlastnosti rusk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho bezpilotn\u00e9ho lietadla. <\/p>\n

Ke\u010f ho v\u0161ak v\u00fdskumn\u00edci otvorili, na\u0161li elektronick\u00e9 s\u00fa\u010diastky vyr\u00e1ban\u00e9 poltuctom z\u00e1padn\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n

Ako sme p\u00edsali Rus nevie poriadne vyrobi\u0165 ni\u010d a USA sta\u010di zastavi\u0165 dod\u00e1vky polovodi\u010dov do Ruska<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

“Bol som prekvapen\u00fd, ke\u010f sme sa na to pozreli spolu, aby sme videli rozmanitos\u0165 r\u00f4znych kraj\u00edn, ktor\u00e9 vyrobili v\u0161etky tieto komponenty,” povedal Damien Spleeters, vy\u0161etrovate\u013e zo skupiny Conflict Armament Research (CAR) so s\u00eddlom v Spojenom kr\u00e1\u013eovstve, ktor\u00fd cestoval na Ukrajinu, aby pitva\u0165 nieko\u013eko dronov. V\u0161etky boli nabit\u00e9 z\u00e1padnou elektronikou.<\/p>\n

Bez t\u00fdchto s\u00fa\u010diastok, povedal Spleeters, ktor\u00fd zhrnul svoje zistenia v spr\u00e1ve financovanej Eur\u00f3pskou \u00faniou a Nemeckom, by pre Rusko bolo \u201eur\u010dite ove\u013ea \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 a prev\u00e1dzkova\u0165 bezpilotn\u00e9 lietadl\u00e1\u201c.
\n\"Za\u010diatkom
\nKe\u010f\u017ee nap\u00e4tie v s\u00favislosti s mo\u017enou ruskou inv\u00e1ziou na Ukrajinu narast\u00e1, americk\u00ed predstavitelia zva\u017euj\u00fa obchodn\u00e9 sankcie , ktor\u00fdch cie\u013eom je pripravi\u0165 Rusko o po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 \u010dipy a elektroniku zahrani\u010dnej v\u00fdroby. Spleetersovo vy\u0161etrovanie ukazuje, ako hlboko by tento z\u00e1kaz mohol po\u0161kodi\u0165 rusk\u00fa arm\u00e1du a pre\u010do by mohlo by\u0165 \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 odvola\u0165 sa.<\/p>\n

Rusko je zn\u00e1me svojimi vedcami a hackermi, ale vyr\u00e1ba m\u00e1lo vlastnej elektroniky alebo po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho hardv\u00e9ru, pri\u010dom sa spolieha najm\u00e4 na dovoz. Blokovanie toku tohto tovaru sa v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee uk\u00e1za\u0165 ako \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Niektor\u00e9 zo s\u00fa\u010diastok dronov, ktor\u00e9 identifikovala CAR, putovali do Ruska cez nejasn\u00fdch sprostredkovate\u013eov a mal\u00e9 obchodn\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00fdch podnikanie m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 sledova\u0165. A \u010do viac, relat\u00edvne mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 rusk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da pravdepodobne bude potrebova\u0165, by jej mohli umo\u017eni\u0165 tajn\u00e9 z\u00edskavanie komponentov, povedal Malcolm Penn, gener\u00e1lny riadite\u013e lond\u00fdnskej v\u00fdskumnej firmy polovodi\u010dov Future Horizons.<\/p>\n

“Ak chcete len 500 alebo 1000, je to \u013eahko realizovate\u013en\u00e9 a je ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 to zastavi\u0165,” povedal. \u201eCel\u00fa studen\u00fa vojnu, ke\u010f teoreticky neexistoval \u017eiadny export do Sovietskeho zv\u00e4zu, im to nebr\u00e1nilo v z\u00edskavan\u00ed vec\u00ed. V\u017edy sa n\u00e1jdu mu\u017ei s kuframi, ktor\u00ed od\u00eddu na \u010ealek\u00fd v\u00fdchod, nak\u00fapia si veci a vr\u00e1tia sa.<\/p>\n

\u010eal\u0161ou ve\u013ekou divokou kartou je \u010c\u00edna, ktor\u00e1 by mohla zmari\u0165 ak\u00fdko\u013evek pokus USA udusi\u0165 \u017eet\u00f3ny Rusku. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 CAR odhadla, \u017ee bezpilotn\u00e9 lietadl\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sk\u00famala, boli vyroben\u00e9 v rokoch 2013 a\u017e 2016, ke\u010f boli z\u00e1padn\u00ed dod\u00e1vatelia dominantnej\u0161\u00ed v odvetv\u00ed \u010dipov. \u010c\u00edna sa odvtedy stala ove\u013ea v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdrobcom elektronick\u00fdch s\u00fa\u010diastok a je nepravdepodobn\u00e9, \u017ee by plne vyhovela ak\u00e9muko\u013evek pokusu o blok\u00e1du, uviedli technologick\u00ed experti.<\/p>\n

Rusko sa spolieha na \u00e1zijsk\u00e9 a z\u00e1padn\u00e9 krajiny, ktor\u00e9 mu dod\u00e1vaj\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu spotrebnej elektroniky a po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch \u010dipov, \u010do s\u00fa mozgy, v\u010faka ktor\u00fdm funguje elektronika. Rusk\u00fd dovoz tohto tovaru v roku 2020 pod\u013ea obchodn\u00fdch \u00fadajov Organiz\u00e1cie Spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rodov prekro\u010dil 38 mili\u00e1rd dol\u00e1rov.<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea Penna, ktor\u00fd za\u010diatkom 90. rokov nav\u0161t\u00edvil niektor\u00e9 zariadenia, mal Sovietsky zv\u00e4z r\u00f4zne mal\u00e9 tov\u00e1rne na v\u00fdrobu polovodi\u010dov, ktor\u00e9 chrlili \u010dipy, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou na vojensk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Rozpad Sovietskeho zv\u00e4zu v\u0161ak zatla\u010dil Rusko do dlh\u00e9ho obdobia nepokojov, ktor\u00e9 zmarili rozvoj high-tech priemyslu a v\u00fdroby.<\/p>\n

Rusko si ponech\u00e1va niektor\u00fdch v\u00fdrobcov, ktor\u00ed vyr\u00e1baj\u00fa \u010dipy star\u0161\u00edch dizajnov, vr\u00e1tane Mikronu, ktor\u00fd bol zalo\u017een\u00fd v sovietskych \u010dasoch ne\u010faleko Moskvy. Podniky v krajine tie\u017e navrhuj\u00fa \u010dipy zn\u00e1me pod n\u00e1zvami Baikal a Elbrus \u2013 tie posledn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edva arm\u00e1da, ale mnoh\u00e9 z n\u00e1vrhov posielaj\u00fa na v\u00fdrobu do Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej zlievarne \u010dipov na svete.<\/p>\n

Rusk\u00ed dod\u00e1vatelia obrany v posledn\u00fdch rokoch tvrdili, \u017ee o\u017eivili dom\u00e1cu v\u00fdrobu high-tech vojensk\u00e9ho vybavenia vr\u00e1tane bezpilotn\u00fdch lietadiel a ich komponentov, povedal Bendett.<\/p>\n

Spojen\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty a Eur\u00f3pska \u00fania u\u017e obmedzuj\u00fa svoj v\u00fdvoz obrannej elektroniky do Ruska a v posledn\u00fdch rokoch tieto pravidl\u00e1 spr\u00edsnili. Rusk\u00e9 siete v\u0161ak na\u0161li sp\u00f4soby, ako tieto prek\u00e1\u017eky ob\u00eds\u0165. V roku 2015 bolo nieko\u013eko rusk\u00fdch agentov ods\u00faden\u00fdch alebo uznan\u00fdch za vinn\u00fdch z feder\u00e1lnych obvinen\u00ed z pou\u017e\u00edvania spolo\u010dnosti so s\u00eddlom v Texase, ktor\u00fa zalo\u017eili na nez\u00e1konn\u00fd v\u00fdvoz \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdch \u010dipov do rusk\u00fdch vojensk\u00fdch a spravodajsk\u00fdch agent\u00far.<\/p>\n

V r\u00e1mci \u0161ir\u0161ej blok\u00e1dy, o ktorej americk\u00ed predstavitelia uva\u017euj\u00fa, by Spojen\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty mohli prin\u00fati\u0165 mnoh\u00e9 krajiny na celom svete, aby zn\u00ed\u017eili v\u00fdvoz \u010dipov do Ruska t\u00fdm, \u017ee im povedia, \u017ee nemaj\u00fa dovolen\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 americk\u00fa technol\u00f3giu na v\u00fdrobu komponentov pre rusk\u00fdch kupcov. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina tov\u00e1rn\u00ed na v\u00fdrobu \u010dipov na celom svete, vr\u00e1tane t\u00fdch v \u010c\u00edne a na Taiwane, pou\u017e\u00edva vo svojom v\u00fdrobnom procese americk\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje alebo softv\u00e9r, uviedli analytici.<\/p>\n

Spojen\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty by mohli obmedzi\u0165 z\u00e1kaz na rusk\u00fd vojensk\u00fd a high-tech sektor alebo by ho mohli uplatni\u0165 \u0161ir\u0161ie, \u010d\u00edm by mohli rusk\u00fdch ob\u010danov pripravi\u0165 o niektor\u00e9 smartf\u00f3ny, tablety a videohern\u00e9 konzoly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rusk\u00e9 bezpilotn\u00e9 lietadl\u00e1 zostrelen\u00e9 nad Ukrajinou boli pln\u00e9 z\u00e1padn\u00fdch \u010dast\u00ed. Sledovacie bezpilotn\u00e9 lietadl\u00e1 obsahovali po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 \u010dipy a komponenty vyroben\u00e9 v USA a Eur\u00f3pe. Washington zva\u017euje kroky na zablokovanie tohto obchodu. Motor poch\u00e1dzal od nemeckej spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e1 dod\u00e1va model\u00e1rskym fan\u00fa\u0161ikom lietadiel. Rusk\u00e9 drony zostrelen\u00e9 nad Ukrajinou. Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 \u010dipy pre navig\u00e1ciu a bezdr\u00f4tov\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu vyrobili dod\u00e1vatelia z […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22671","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exo-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22671","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22671"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22671\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22671"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22671"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22671"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}