Nov\u00e9 dane pre energetick\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti kv\u00f4li vojne na Ukrajine. Vl\u00e1dy by sa nemali zmoc\u0148ova\u0165 ziskov priemyslu energ\u00ed\u00ed ale o\u010di politikov sa nen\u00e1sytne upieraj\u00fa na zisky energetick\u00fdch firiem. Odkedy ceny energi\u00ed minul\u00fd rok za\u010dali prudko r\u00e1s\u0165, Bulharsko, Taliansko, Rumunsko a \u0160panielsko zaviedli nov\u00e9 dane pre tento priemysel. Eur\u00f3pska komisia 8. marca odporu\u010dila vl\u00e1dam, aby sa pok\u00fasili \u201ezachyti\u0165 \u010das\u0165 v\u00fdnosov\u201c vyr\u00e1ban\u00fdch v\u00fdrobcami elektriny.<\/p>\n
A v Amerike 12 demokratick\u00fdch sen\u00e1torov vr\u00e1tane Elizabeth Warrenovej, niekdaj\u0161ej prezidentskej kandid\u00e1tky, navrhlo da\u0148 na ka\u017ed\u00fd barel ropy, ktor\u00fd ve\u013ek\u00e9 firmy vyprodukuj\u00fa alebo dovez\u00fa, rovnaj\u00facu sa polovici rozdielu medzi s\u00fa\u010dasnou cenou ropy a priemerom v rokoch 2015-19.<\/p>\n
Impulz vybera\u0165 \u201e neo\u010dak\u00e1van\u00e9 dane \u201c je dnes obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 siln\u00fd, preto\u017ee rusk\u00e1 inv\u00e1zia na Ukrajinu sp\u00f4sobila prudk\u00fd n\u00e1rast cien ropy a zemn\u00e9ho plynu, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1sledne divoko kol\u00ed\u0161u, \u010do d\u00e1va dojem, \u017ee firmy profituj\u00fa z krviprelievania. Vl\u00e1dy, ktor\u00e9 po\u010das pand\u00e9mie narobili obrovsk\u00e9 dlhy, musia teraz n\u00e1js\u0165 viac pe\u0148az\u00ed na ochranu chudobn\u00fdch spotrebite\u013eov pred prudko rast\u00facimi \u00fa\u010dtami za energiu a na zv\u00fd\u0161enie v\u00fddavkov na obranu. <\/p>\n
A typick\u00fd argument proti neo\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fdm daniam, \u017ee aj ke\u010f s\u00fa retroakt\u00edvne, riskuj\u00fa, \u017ee odradia bud\u00face invest\u00edcie sa teraz, ke\u010f sa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina sveta sna\u017e\u00ed postupne zastavi\u0165 spa\u013eovanie fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv, stal menej siln\u00fdm.<\/p>\n
Zavedenie neo\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fdch dan\u00ed je v\u0161ak chybou. Za\u010dnite t\u00fdm, \u017ee trhy s energiou prech\u00e1dzaj\u00fa cyklom rozmachu a poklesu. Roky, ktor\u00e9 si pani Warrenov\u00e1 zvolila ako referen\u010dn\u00fa hodnotu, neboli dobr\u00e9: v dvoch z nich, v rokoch 2015 a 2016, bola \u010dist\u00e1 prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e1 mar\u017ea glob\u00e1lneho k\u00f3tovan\u00e9ho energetick\u00e9ho priemyslu z\u00e1porn\u00e1. V roku 2020 bol \u010fal\u0161\u00ed rok prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fdch str\u00e1t, po\u010das ktor\u00e9ho cena ropy v d\u00f4sledku pand\u00e9mie kr\u00e1tko klesla pod nulu. <\/p>\n
Ak spolo\u010dnosti musia zn\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 zl\u00e9 \u010dasy, ale zistia, \u017ee \u010dasti ich ziskov s\u00fa zabaven\u00e9, ke\u010f ceny rast\u00fa, ich podniky str\u00e1caj\u00fa \u017eivotaschopnos\u0165.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
To m\u00f4\u017ee znie\u0165 l\u00e1kavo pre t\u00fdch klimatick\u00fdch aktivistov, ktor\u00ed chc\u00fa vyhna\u0165 obchodn\u00e9 firmy ako bp, ktorej \u0161\u00e9f ned\u00e1vno povedal, \u017ee vysok\u00e9 ceny zmenili firmu na \u201ebankomat\u201c. Dne\u0161n\u00e1 energetick\u00e1 kr\u00edza v\u0161ak ukazuje, \u017ee svet potrebuje starostlivo riaden\u00e9 postupn\u00e9 odstra\u0148ovanie emisi\u00ed uhl\u00edka, nie n\u00e1hle zastavenie invest\u00edci\u00ed do fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv, najm\u00e4 ak sa m\u00e1 Eur\u00f3pa odstavi\u0165 od rusk\u00e9ho plynu. <\/p>\n
Obnovite\u013en\u00e1 energia nem\u00f4\u017ee okam\u017eite nahradi\u0165 plyn pri niektor\u00fdch \u00faloh\u00e1ch, ako je vykurovanie dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed plynov\u00fdmi kotlami. Aj keby bola zaveden\u00e1 infra\u0161trukt\u00fara na riadenie cel\u00fdch ekonom\u00edk na elektrinu, bat\u00e9riov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017eisko nedok\u00e1\u017ee zaplni\u0165 medzery, ke\u010f nef\u00faka vietor a nesvieti slnko. Jadrov\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rne poskytuj\u00fa st\u00e1lu dod\u00e1vku, no v\u00fdstavba trv\u00e1 roky.<\/p>\n
Eur\u00f3pska komisia tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee zaplati\u0165 by mali aj v\u00fdrobcovia obnovite\u013en\u00fdch zdrojov, ktor\u00ed tie\u017e \u0165a\u017eia z vysok\u00fdch cien. Toto je dvakr\u00e1t scestn\u00e9. Ak dokonca aj spolo\u010dnostiam zaoberaj\u00facim sa \u010distou energiou zabavia svoje zisky v obdob\u00ed nedostatku, stimuly na vyrie\u0161enie probl\u00e9mu s preru\u0161ovan\u00edm obnovite\u013en\u00fdch zdrojov energie, napr\u00edklad zlep\u0161en\u00edm bat\u00e9ri\u00ed alebo skladovan\u00edm energie vo forme vod\u00edka, bud\u00fa otupen\u00e9. <\/p>\n
A nie je to len nedostatok energie, ktor\u00fd treba rie\u0161i\u0165, ke\u010f sa ekonomiky pohybuj\u00fa na nule. S\u00fakromn\u00fd sektor bude musie\u0165 n\u00e1js\u0165 sp\u00f4soby, ako vyrie\u0161i\u0165 nedostatok v\u0161etk\u00e9ho od miner\u00e1lov pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v elektrick\u00fdch aut\u00e1ch a\u017e po balzov\u00e9 drevo pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 vo vetern\u00fdch turb\u00ednach. Je fant\u00e1ziou myslie\u0165 si, \u017ee k obrovsk\u00fdm invest\u00edci\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa nevyhnutn\u00e9, d\u00f4jde, ak sa najinovat\u00edvnej\u0161ie firmy bud\u00fa ob\u00e1va\u0165, \u017ee ich zisky m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 zabaven\u00e9, ke\u010f sa ich st\u00e1vky vyplatia.<\/p>\n
Najp\u00e1l\u010divej\u0161\u00edm argumentom je, \u017ee spolo\u010dnosti profituj\u00fa z vojny. Neo\u010dak\u00e1van\u00e9 dane zodpovedaj\u00fa svojmu menu, ke\u010f firmy neprofituj\u00fa z m\u00fadrych rozhodnut\u00ed, ale z nepredv\u00eddate\u013en\u00fdch udalost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 nes\u00favisia s ich investi\u010dn\u00fdmi rozhodnutiami. Napriek tomu je geopolitika hlavn\u00fdm z\u00e1ujmom ve\u013ek\u00fdch energetick\u00fdch firiem, ktor\u00e9 musia kl\u00e1s\u0165 potrubia prekra\u010duj\u00face hranice a predv\u00edda\u0165 glob\u00e1lne energetick\u00e9 potreby s ve\u013ek\u00fdm predstihom. <\/p>\n
Na konflikte ovplyv\u0148uj\u00facom ich zisky nie je ni\u010d neobvykl\u00e9 a rizik\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 pre Eur\u00f3pu predstavuje rusk\u00fd plyn, s\u00fa zrejm\u00e9 u\u017e roky. Odlo\u017eenie odmien, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa pon\u00fakan\u00e9 za dod\u00e1vku energie po\u010das dne\u0161n\u00e9ho nedostatku, len zhor\u0161\u00ed \u010fal\u0161iu kr\u00edzu v z\u00e1sobovan\u00ed, dokonca aj predv\u00eddate\u013en\u00fa. <\/p>\n
Prudk\u00fd n\u00e1rast cien ropy, zemn\u00e9ho plynu<\/h1>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nov\u00e9 dane pre energetick\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti kv\u00f4li vojne na Ukrajine. Vl\u00e1dy by sa nemali zmoc\u0148ova\u0165 ziskov priemyslu energ\u00ed\u00ed ale o\u010di politikov sa nen\u00e1sytne upieraj\u00fa na zisky energetick\u00fdch firiem. Odkedy ceny energi\u00ed minul\u00fd rok za\u010dali prudko r\u00e1s\u0165, Bulharsko, Taliansko, Rumunsko a \u0160panielsko zaviedli nov\u00e9 dane pre tento priemysel. Eur\u00f3pska komisia 8. marca odporu\u010dila vl\u00e1dam, aby sa pok\u00fasili […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23731","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exo-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23731","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23731"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23731\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23731"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23731"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23731"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}