{"id":26305,"date":"2022-07-09T11:35:14","date_gmt":"2022-07-09T11:35:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/?p=26305"},"modified":"2022-07-09T11:35:14","modified_gmt":"2022-07-09T11:35:14","slug":"slobodomurari-v-cssr-dubcek-bilak-1968","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/slobodomurari-v-cssr-dubcek-bilak-1968\/","title":{"rendered":"Slobodomur\u00e1ri v \u010ceskoslovensku, Dub\u010dek, Bi\u013eak 1968"},"content":{"rendered":"

Slobodomur\u00e1ri v \u010ceskoslovensku, Dub\u010dek, Bi\u013eak v roku 1968. V krajin\u00e1ch re\u00e1lneho socializmu Var\u0161avskej zmluvy, komunistick\u00fd, oligarchick\u00fd a ultrakonzervat\u00edvny slobodomur\u00e1r Bre\u017enev so svojou klikou technokratick\u00fdch s\u00fadruhov sovietskeho politbyra v\u0161ade nastolil tie najkrutej\u0161ie represie vo\u010di \u0161tudentom a \u013eudu. Nepokoje, ktor\u00e9 si vy\u017eiadali viac slobody, reformy a pluralitu rozhodovania. Slobodomur\u00e1ri a komunisti.
\nVynikaj\u00fa najm\u00e4 po\u013esk\u00e9 a \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 pr\u00edpady.<\/p>\n

Slobodomur\u00e1ri Dub\u010dek, Bi\u013eak, Hus\u00e1k v \u010cSSR, rok 1968<\/h1>\n

V Po\u013esku bola vzbura z 8. marca 1968 tvrdo potla\u010den\u00e1 zat\u00fdkan\u00edm a zatvoren\u00edm vysok\u00fdch \u0161k\u00f4l. Nehovoriac o proti\u017eidovskej propagandistickej kampani, rafinovane realizovanej s cie\u013eom odvr\u00e1ti\u0165 pozornos\u0165 obyvate\u013estva od policajn\u00e9ho z\u00e1sahu a ktorej cie\u013eom je okrem in\u00e9ho demon\u0161trova\u0165 \u00fadajn\u00fa \u017eidovsko-kapitalistick\u00fa-z\u00e1padn\u00fa maticu proti totalitn\u00fdch povstan\u00ed. T\u00e1to kampa\u0148 bola tragicky vyrie\u0161en\u00e1 n\u00fatenou emigr\u00e1ciou tis\u00edcov \u013eud\u00ed semitsk\u00e9ho p\u00f4vodu.<\/p>\n

V \u010cSSR sa formovala sl\u00e1vna Pra\u017esk\u00e1 jar, ktor\u00e1 bola inaugurovan\u00e1 n\u00e1stupom slobodomur\u00e1ra Alexandra Dub\u010deka (1921-1992), b\u00fdval\u00e9ho tajomn\u00edka Komunistickej strany Slovenska od roku 1963, ktor\u00fd v kozmopolitn\u00fdch kruhoch Ur-Lodge \u00abGolden Eur\u00e1zia (s ktorou bol spojen\u00fd v roku 1962) vypracovala projekt socializmu s \u013eudskou tv\u00e1rou. <\/p>\n

Slobodomur\u00e1r Dub\u010dek, zvolen\u00fd 5. janu\u00e1ra 1968 za prv\u00e9ho tajomn\u00edka Komunistickej strany \u010ceskoslovenska (ktor\u00e1 spovedala slovensk\u00fdch, \u010desk\u00fdch a moravsk\u00fdch komunistov), \u200b\u200bin\u0161pirovan\u00fd reformn\u00fdmi a anti byrokratick\u00fdmi my\u0161lienkami ekon\u00f3ma Otu \u0160iku (1919-2004, aj slobodomur\u00e1r zasv\u00e4ten\u00fd do \u201ezlatej Eur\u00e1zie\u201c, politicky akt\u00edvny popri Dub\u010dekovi, podporovan\u00fd politikmi typu Ludv\u00edka Svobodu (1895-1979), Oldrichom \u010cerm\u00fdmm (1921-1994), Josef Smrkovsk\u00fd (1911-1974), Jiri H\u00e1jek (1913-1993) a \u010fal\u0161\u00ed, ako aj intelektu\u00e1li ako Milan Kundera (nar. 1929), Pavel Kohout (nar. 1928), J\u00e1n Pato\u010dka (1907-1977), V\u00e1clav Havel (1936- 2011).<\/p>\n

V\u0161etci pridru\u017een\u00ed k tej istej Ur-Lodge Dub\u010deka a \u0160ika, iniciovali nov\u00fd kurz, ktor\u00fd mal za cie\u013e transformova\u0165 \u010ceskoslovensko politicky, ekonomicky, soci\u00e1lne a kult\u00farne v demokratickej a libertari\u00e1nskej perspekt\u00edve.<\/p>\n

T\u00edto reform\u00e1tori, slobodomur\u00e1rsky spojen\u00ed, prostredn\u00edctvom l\u00f3\u017ee \u201eZlatej Eur\u00e1zie\u201c (neutr\u00e1lna a ekumenick\u00e1 schr\u00e1nka slobodomur\u00e1rov r\u00f4znych ideologick\u00fdch tendenci\u00ed), aj s progres\u00edvnymi Ur-Lodgemi obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 pozorn\u00fdmi k \u00fazemiam v\u00fdchodnej Eur\u00f3py, ako je \u201eThomas Paine\u201c \u00abMontesquieu\u00bb a \u00abGhedullah\u00bb mal nad\u0161en\u00fa podporu ve\u013ekej \u010dasti \u010desk\u00e9ho, moravsk\u00e9ho a slovensk\u00e9ho obyvate\u013estva.<\/p>\n

Nete\u0161ili sa v\u0161ak priazni piatych kol\u00f3n konzervat\u00edvneho a oligarchick\u00e9ho Ur-Lodge \u201eJoseph de Maistre\u201c v KS\u010c: mu\u017eov ako Alois Indra, Drahomn Kolder, Vasi\u013e Bi\u013eak a \u010fal\u0161\u00ed. V zhode s nimi sovietski spolubratia koordinovan\u00ed Bre\u017enevom ru\u010dne ukon\u010dili iskriv\u00e9, no pominute\u013en\u00e9 obdobie reforiem Pra\u017eskej jari.<\/p>\n

20. \u2013 21. augusta 1968 st\u00e1tis\u00edce rusk\u00fdch vojakov vtrhli do \u010ceskoslovenska, aby n\u00e1silne zatkli reformn\u00fa vlnu politicko-intelektu\u00e1lnych cenc\u00fal (progres\u00edvnej slobodomur\u00e1rskej in\u0161pir\u00e1cie) veden\u00fa Dub\u010dekom. D\u00f4sledkom tejto inv\u00e1zie bola v priebehu rokov n\u00faten\u00e1 alebo dobrovo\u013en\u00e1 emigr\u00e1cia viac ako 300 000 \u010desk\u00fdch, moravsk\u00fdch a slovensk\u00fdch disidentov, ktor\u00ed vsadili na Pra\u017esk\u00fa jar.<\/p>\n

Na vedenie nov\u00e9ho repres\u00edvneho a normalizovan\u00e9ho \u010ceskoslovenska v jeho n\u00fatenom n\u00e1vrate k dusnej\u0161ej marxisticko-leninskej ortodoxii bol vybran\u00fd komunistick\u00fd politik, ktor\u00fd sa nejednozna\u010dne pohyboval medzi reformistami a konzervat\u00edvcami: Gust\u00e1v Hus\u00e1k (1913-1991).<\/p>\n

Postupne mal takmer absol\u00fatnu moc a postupom \u010dasu nazbieral posty gener\u00e1lneho tajomn\u00edka Komunistickej strany \u010ceskoslovenska a prezidenta republiky.<\/p>\n

Samozrejme a\u017e do roku 1968 nevedel o slobodomur\u00e1rskych z\u00e1le\u017eitostiach. V apr\u00edli 1969 bol Hus\u00e1k zasv\u00e4ten\u00fd aj do Ur-Lodge \u00abJoseph de Maistre\u00bb, \u010d\u00edm sa posilnil jeho zv\u00e4zok s r\u00f4znymi konzervat\u00edvnymi sovietskymi bratmi Suslovom, \u0160elepinom, Andropovom, \u010cer\u0148enkom.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ve vl\u00e1dnuci Jurij Vladimirovi\u010d Andropov ako gener\u00e1lny tajomn\u00edk Komunistickej strany v roku 1983 (rok po smrti Bre\u017eneva) z\u00edskal pre \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho komunistu a reak\u010dn\u00e9ho slobodomur\u00e1ra Gust\u00e1va Hus\u00e1ka vyt\u00fa\u017een\u00e9 \u010destn\u00e9 uznanie \u201ehrdina Sovietskeho zv\u00e4zu\u201c. 9. janu\u00e1ra 1983 bol vyznamenan\u00fd najvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm sovietskym vyznamenan\u00edm Hrdina Sovietskeho zv\u00e4zu.<\/p>\n

S\u00fadruh Hus\u00e1k, povolan\u00edm slobodomur\u00e1r \ud83d\ude42 <\/h2>\n

\"S\u00fadruh<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Slobodomur\u00e1ri v \u010ceskoslovensku, Dub\u010dek, Bi\u013eak v roku 1968. V krajin\u00e1ch re\u00e1lneho socializmu Var\u0161avskej zmluvy, komunistick\u00fd, oligarchick\u00fd a ultrakonzervat\u00edvny slobodomur\u00e1r Bre\u017enev so svojou klikou technokratick\u00fdch s\u00fadruhov sovietskeho politbyra v\u0161ade nastolil tie najkrutej\u0161ie represie vo\u010di \u0161tudentom a \u013eudu. Nepokoje, ktor\u00e9 si vy\u017eiadali viac slobody, reformy a pluralitu rozhodovania. Slobodomur\u00e1ri a komunisti. Vynikaj\u00fa najm\u00e4 po\u013esk\u00e9 a \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 pr\u00edpady. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26305","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knihy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26305","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26305"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26305\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26305"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26305"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26305"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}