Nov\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 v\u00fdvozu \u010dipov\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed z Japonska vst\u00fapia do platnosti tohto roku. Tokio sa dohodlo s Washingtonom, aby udr\u017ealo najmodernej\u0161ie technol\u00f3gie mimo \u010d\u00ednskych r\u00fak. Japonsko pridalo na svoj zoznam kontroly exportu pokro\u010dil\u00e9 zariadenia na v\u00fdrobu polovodi\u010dov, \u010do je krok, ktor\u00fd zos\u00fala\u010fuje Tokio s opatreniami USA, ktor\u00fdch cie\u013eom je udr\u017ea\u0165 \u010dipov\u00fa technol\u00f3giu mimo \u010d\u00ednskych r\u00fak.<\/p>\n
Do zoznamu bolo pridan\u00fdch 23 polo\u017eiek vr\u00e1tane vybavenia potrebn\u00e9ho na vytvorenie vzorov obvodov a testovac\u00edch \u010dipov. To s\u0165a\u017e\u00ed \u010c\u00edne dovoz \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov na v\u00fdrobu \u010dipov, povedali pozorovatelia priemyslu a o\u010dak\u00e1va sa, \u017ee to vyvol\u00e1 reakciu Pekingu.<\/p>\n
\u201eV\u00fdroba \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdch polovodi\u010dov\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed bude pre \u010c\u00ednu takmer bezn\u00e1dejn\u00e1, prinajmen\u0161om v kr\u00e1tkodobom a strednodobom horizonte,\u201c povedal Yoshiaki Takayama, v\u00fdskumn\u00edk z Japonsk\u00e9ho in\u0161tit\u00fatu pre medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9 z\u00e1le\u017eitosti.<\/p>\n
Medzi novo pridan\u00e9 polo\u017eky patr\u00ed vybavenie s\u00favisiace s EUV (extr\u00e9mne ultrafialov\u00e9) litografiou, procesom, ktor\u00fd sleduje zlo\u017eit\u00e9 obvodov\u00e9 vzory v najpokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00edch \u010dipoch na svete.<\/p>\n
Krok Japonska obmedzi\u0165 pr\u00edstup k n\u00e1strojom na v\u00fdrobu \u010dipov prich\u00e1dza po tom, \u010do USA v okt\u00f3bri spr\u00edsnili kontrolu v\u00fdvozu do \u010c\u00edny, pri\u010dom sa s\u00fastredili na \u010dipy pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010doch a umelej inteligencii, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa potenci\u00e1lne vojensk\u00e9 vyu\u017eitie.<\/p>\n
USA vyzvali Japonsko a Holandsko, dvoch najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch svetov\u00fdch dod\u00e1vate\u013eov zariaden\u00ed na v\u00fdrobu polovodi\u010dov, aby podnikli podobn\u00e9 kroky. Nov\u00e9 obmedzenia Holandska vst\u00fapia do platnosti v septembri 2023.<\/p>\n
Holandsk\u00fd v\u00fdrobca ASML kontroluje trh s EUV litografick\u00fdmi strojmi, zatia\u013e \u010do Japonsko je domovom tak\u00fdch popredn\u00fdch dod\u00e1vate\u013eov \u010dipov\u00e9ho priemyslu, ako s\u00fa Tokyo Electron a Screen Holdings.<\/p>\n
Japonsko je hlavn\u00fdm zdrojom zariaden\u00ed na v\u00fdrobu polovodi\u010dov v \u010c\u00edne a pod\u013ea Medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho obchodn\u00e9ho centra predstavuje v roku 2022 pribli\u017ene tretinu \u010d\u00ednskeho dovozu pod\u013ea hodnoty v tomto segmente.<\/p>\n
Kontroly v\u00fdvozu zv\u00fd\u0161ia po\u017eiadavky dod\u00e1vate\u013eov na pod\u00e1vanie spr\u00e1v japonsk\u00e9mu ministerstvu hospod\u00e1rstva, obchodu a priemyslu. Jednoduch\u0161\u00ed proces pod\u00e1vania \u017eiadost\u00ed je povolen\u00fd pre 42 kraj\u00edn a \u00fazem\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Zatia\u013e \u010do japonsk\u00ed dod\u00e1vatelia \u010delia obmedzeniam na \u0161pi\u010dkovej \u00farovni, st\u00e1le maj\u00fa pr\u00edle\u017eitosti na rast v \u010c\u00edne v in\u00fdch oblastiach, ako je \u0161pi\u010dka tohto odvetvia. V\u00fdvoz zariaden\u00ed na v\u00fdrobu star\u0161\u00edch takzvan\u00fdch legacy \u010dipov zost\u00e1va siln\u00fd. \u010c\u00edna zv\u00fd\u0161ila v\u00fdrobu t\u00fdchto \u010dipov v reakcii na americk\u00e9 obmedzenia.<\/p>\n
Pre Japonsko je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mom, ako bude Peking reagova\u0165 na kontroly v\u00fdvozu. \u010c\u00edna v m\u00e1ji uviedla, \u017ee zak\u00e1\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvanie \u010dipov vyroben\u00fdch spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou Micron Technology so s\u00eddlom v USA v \u017eivotne d\u00f4le\u017eitej infra\u0161trukt\u00fare, \u010do je krok v\u0161eobecne pova\u017eovan\u00fd za odvetu vo\u010di Washingtonu. <\/p>\n
Od augusta bude \u010c\u00edna vy\u017eadova\u0165 v\u00fdvozn\u00e9 licencie na zl\u00fa\u010deniny g\u00e1lia a germ\u00e1nia, ktor\u00e9 sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa v polovodi\u010dovom a elektronickom priemysle. Polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly z nitridu g\u00e1lia s\u00fa siln\u00fdm oblekom pre Japonsko, ktor\u00e9 mo\u017eno bude musie\u0165 h\u013eada\u0165 dod\u00e1vky mimo \u010c\u00edny. \u010c\u00edna nazna\u010dila aj \u010fal\u0161ie reakcie.<\/p>\n
Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 ASML uviedla, \u017ee dva typy jej strojov spadaj\u00fa do rozsahu pravidiel kontroly v\u00fdvozu, a preto by potrebovali licencie na v\u00fdvoz, konkr\u00e9tne jej pokro\u010dil\u00e9 syst\u00e9my ponornej hlbokej ultrafialovej litografie (DUV). Stroje s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou TWINSCAN NXT:2000i a nov\u0161\u00edch ponorn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov, uviedla ASML.<\/p>\n
Pokro\u010dil\u00e9 imerz\u00edvne DUV syst\u00e9my s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 \u010dipy, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa na \u00farovni 16 nanometrov alebo pokro\u010dilej\u0161ie, pod\u013ea ved\u00facich pracovn\u00edkov odvetvia. Predpisy o kontrole v\u00fdvozu USA pokr\u00fdvaj\u00fa podobn\u00fa \u00farove\u0148 v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch kapac\u00edt, ale s oh\u013eadom na r\u00f4zne kroky v procesoch v\u00fdroby \u010dipov.<\/p>\n
“Z\u00e1sielky in\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov ASML nie s\u00fa kontrolovan\u00e9 holandskou vl\u00e1dou,” uviedol ASML vo vyhl\u00e1sen\u00ed. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 bude na\u010falej dodr\u017eiava\u0165 platn\u00e9 exportn\u00e9 predpisy vr\u00e1tane holandsk\u00fdch, eur\u00f3pskych a americk\u00fdch predpisov, uviedla ASML.<\/p>\n
Kontroly v\u00fdvozu nadobudn\u00fa \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 1. septembra, nesk\u00f4r ako japonsk\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa vst\u00fapi\u0165 do platnosti koncom j\u00fala.<\/p>\n
Pokro\u010dil\u00e9 imerz\u00edvne syst\u00e9my DUV od ASML s\u00fa \u0161iroko pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 glob\u00e1lnymi v\u00fdrobcami \u010dipov, vr\u00e1tane \u010d\u00ednskeho \u0161ampi\u00f3na vo v\u00fdrobe \u010dipov Semiconductor Manufacturing International Co., v\u00fdrobcu pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00fdch \u010dipov YMTC a \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9ho \u010d\u00ednskeho v\u00fdrobcu pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00fdch \u010dipov DRAM ChangXin Memory Technologies.<\/p>\n
Men\u0161\u00edmi rovesn\u00edkmi ASML v segmente litografick\u00fdch strojov s\u00fa Nikon a Canon z Japonska a \u010d\u00ednska dom\u00e1ca spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Shanghai Micro Electronics Equipment (Group). USA nemaj\u00fa \u017eiadneho dom\u00e1ceho v\u00fdrobcu litografick\u00fdch \u010dipov\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nov\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 v\u00fdvozu \u010dipov\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed z Japonska vst\u00fapia do platnosti tohto roku. Tokio sa dohodlo s Washingtonom, aby udr\u017ealo najmodernej\u0161ie technol\u00f3gie mimo \u010d\u00ednskych r\u00fak. Japonsko pridalo na svoj zoznam kontroly exportu pokro\u010dil\u00e9 zariadenia na v\u00fdrobu polovodi\u010dov, \u010do je krok, ktor\u00fd zos\u00fala\u010fuje Tokio s opatreniami USA, ktor\u00fdch cie\u013eom je udr\u017ea\u0165 \u010dipov\u00fa technol\u00f3giu mimo \u010d\u00ednskych r\u00fak. Nov\u00e9 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29023","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exo-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29023","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29023"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29023\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29023"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29023"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29023"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}