{"id":31171,"date":"2026-01-20T20:15:12","date_gmt":"2026-01-20T20:15:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/?p=31171"},"modified":"2026-01-20T20:15:46","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T20:15:46","slug":"co-by-eu-mohla-urobit-keby-chcela-zakazat-google","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/co-by-eu-mohla-urobit-keby-chcela-zakazat-google\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010co by E\u00da mohla urobi\u0165, keby chcela zak\u00e1za\u0165 Google"},"content":{"rendered":"

Google je obrovsk\u00e1 technologick\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 so s\u00eddlom v Silicon Valley v USA, ktor\u00e1 ovl\u00e1da mno\u017estvo slu\u017eieb a platforiem, vr\u00e1tane vyh\u013ead\u00e1vania, YouTube, Gmailu, Google Maps a Androidu. Jej glob\u00e1lna pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 rob\u00ed z Google prakticky neoddelite\u013en\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 internetu a digit\u00e1lneho \u017eivota mili\u00f3nov pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov. <\/p>\n

Ale \u010do by sa stalo, keby Eur\u00f3pska \u00fania, ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 vlastn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vomoci nad firmami p\u00f4sobiacimi na svojom \u00fazem\u00ed, rozhodla, \u017ee chce Google v r\u00e1mci E\u00da \u201ezak\u00e1za\u0165\u201c alebo aspo\u0148 v\u00fdrazne obmedzi\u0165?<\/p>\n

\u010co by E\u00da mohla urobi\u0165, keby chcela zak\u00e1za\u0165 Google v praxi<\/h1>\n

E\u00da m\u00e1 na regul\u00e1ciu technologick\u00fdch gigantov nieko\u013eko pr\u00e1vnych n\u00e1strojov. Prv\u00fdm je antitrustov\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, ktor\u00e9 je zakotven\u00e9 v Zmluve o fungovan\u00ed E\u00da (\u010dl. 101 a 102). Antitrustov\u00e9 z\u00e1kony umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa regulova\u0165 zneu\u017e\u00edvanie dominantn\u00e9ho postavenia, vytv\u00e1ranie kartelov a nekal\u00fa konkurenciu. Google u\u017e bol viacn\u00e1sobne sankcionovan\u00fd v r\u00e1mci E\u00da za zneu\u017eitie svojej poz\u00edcie vo vyh\u013ead\u00e1van\u00ed a reklamnom trhu.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00fdm z\u00e1kladom je GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation), ktor\u00fd d\u00e1va E\u00da pr\u00e1vomoc regulova\u0165, ako Google sprac\u00fava d\u00e1ta svojich pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov v r\u00e1mci Eur\u00f3py. To m\u00f4\u017ee zah\u0155\u0148a\u0165 pokuty, obmedzenie zberu d\u00e1t alebo dokonca do\u010dasn\u00e9 zablokovanie ur\u010dit\u00fdch slu\u017eieb.<\/p>\n

Tret\u00edm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm pr\u00e1vnym n\u00e1strojom je Digital Markets Act (DMA) a Digital Services Act (DSA), ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa E\u00da definova\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00e9 platformy ako tzv. “gatekeeperov” a uklada\u0165 im povinnosti, napr\u00edklad otvori\u0165 pr\u00edstup k d\u00e1tam alebo zmeni\u0165 obchodn\u00e9 praktiky. Tieto z\u00e1kony s\u00fa priamo z\u00e1v\u00e4zn\u00e9 pre v\u0161etky \u010dlensk\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty a firmy p\u00f4sobiace v E\u00da.<\/p>\n

Mo\u017enosti E\u00da pri \u201ez\u00e1kaze\u201c Google<\/h3>\n

Ke\u010f\u017ee Google s\u00eddli v USA, E\u00da nem\u00e1 pr\u00e1vomoc zak\u00e1za\u0165 jeho slu\u017eby glob\u00e1lne. Av\u0161ak E\u00da m\u00f4\u017ee prakticky \u201ezak\u00e1za\u0165 Google\u201c alebo v\u00fdrazne obmedzi\u0165 jeho slu\u017eby **v r\u00e1mci E\u00da**, \u010do by znamenalo, \u017ee pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov v Eur\u00f3pe by niektor\u00e9 slu\u017eby boli obmedzen\u00e9 alebo zablokovan\u00e9, pokia\u013e Google nespln\u00ed regul\u00e1cie. Tak\u00fdto krok by sa d\u00e1 realizova\u0165 nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi sp\u00f4sobmi:<\/p>\n

1. Obmedzenie pr\u00edstupu k slu\u017eb\u00e1m<\/h3>\n

E\u00da m\u00f4\u017ee vy\u017eadova\u0165, aby Google upravil svoje slu\u017eby pod\u013ea eur\u00f3pskych pravidiel. Ak by Google odmietol, mohla by E\u00da zablokova\u0165 pr\u00edstup k jeho slu\u017eb\u00e1m pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov v E\u00da. To by mohlo znamena\u0165, \u017ee vyh\u013ead\u00e1va\u010d Google, YouTube alebo Gmail by neboli dostupn\u00e9 pre eur\u00f3pskych pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, k\u00fdm by firma nezabezpe\u010dila s\u00falad s GDPR, DMA alebo antitrustov\u00fdmi rozhodnutiami. Technicky by sa to dosiahlo cez pr\u00e1vne nariadenia, pokuty a regul\u00e1ciu poskytovate\u013eov internetu a cloudov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb p\u00f4sobiacich v E\u00da.<\/p>\n

2. Finan\u010dn\u00e9 sankcie a pokuty<\/h3>\n

\u010eal\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1strojom by boli obrovsk\u00e9 pokuty a finan\u010dn\u00e9 sankcie za nedodr\u017eanie pravidiel. Google u\u017e bol pokutovan\u00fd viacn\u00e1sobne v miliardov\u00fdch hodnot\u00e1ch, a podobn\u00e1 strat\u00e9gia by mohla by\u0165 vyu\u017eit\u00e1 ako tlak na to, aby firma zmenila spr\u00e1vanie alebo prestala poskytova\u0165 slu\u017eby, ktor\u00e9 E\u00da pova\u017euje za neleg\u00e1lne alebo \u0161kodliv\u00e9 pre s\u00fakromie a hospod\u00e1rsku s\u00fa\u0165a\u017e.<\/p>\n

3. Obmedzenie obchodn\u00fdch aktiv\u00edt a invest\u00edci\u00ed<\/h3>\n

E\u00da by mohla zak\u00e1za\u0165 alebo obmedzi\u0165 ur\u010dit\u00e9 invest\u00edcie Google do eur\u00f3pskych firiem a projektov, \u010do by znemo\u017enilo firme expandova\u0165 alebo vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 svoje finan\u010dn\u00e9 zdroje v r\u00e1mci E\u00da. Tak\u00e9to obmedzenia by mohli by\u0165 cielen\u00e9 na akviz\u00edcie, reklamn\u00fa sie\u0165 alebo slu\u017eby cloud computingu.<\/p>\n

4. Regul\u00e1cia d\u00e1t a s\u00fakromia<\/h3>\n

GDPR d\u00e1va E\u00da pr\u00e1vomoc kontrolova\u0165, ako Google zhroma\u017e\u010fuje a pou\u017e\u00edva d\u00e1ta svojich pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov. E\u00da by mohla vy\u017eadova\u0165, aby Google zmenil sp\u00f4sob zberu d\u00e1t, vymazal ur\u010dit\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie alebo dokonca obmedzil slu\u017eby, ktor\u00e9 z\u00e1visia na spracovan\u00ed osobn\u00fdch \u00fadajov, pokia\u013e by nesplnil regul\u00e1cie. V extr\u00e9mnom pr\u00edpade by sa mohlo sta\u0165, \u017ee niektor\u00e9 funkcie by boli pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov v E\u00da nedostupn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

5. Povinnosti \u201egatekeepera\u201c pod\u013ea DMA<\/h3>\n

Digital Markets Act umo\u017e\u0148uje E\u00da definova\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00e9 platformy ako gatekeeperov a uklada\u0165 im povinnosti, napr\u00edklad zdie\u013eanie d\u00e1t s konkurenciou, umo\u017enenie prepojenia slu\u017eieb tret\u00edch str\u00e1n alebo zamedzenie zneu\u017e\u00edvania dominantn\u00e9ho postavenia. Ak by Google tieto povinnosti odmietol, mohla by E\u00da vyda\u0165 pr\u00e1vne nariadenie, ktor\u00e9 prakticky znemo\u017en\u00ed jeho prev\u00e1dzku alebo ur\u010dit\u00e9 slu\u017eby v E\u00da.<\/p>\n

Praktick\u00e9 d\u00f4sledky pre pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov<\/h2>\n

Ak by E\u00da v praxi \u201ezak\u00e1zala\u201c Google, pou\u017e\u00edvatelia v Eur\u00f3pe by museli h\u013eada\u0165 alternat\u00edvy. Vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie by sa presunulo na Bing, DuckDuckGo alebo eur\u00f3pske slu\u017eby. Gmail by bol nahraden\u00fd in\u00fdmi poskytovate\u013emi e-mailu a YouTube by sa stal nedostupn\u00fdm alebo len \u010diasto\u010dne dostupn\u00fdm. Firmy, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na Google Ads alebo Analytics, by museli zmeni\u0165 svoju digit\u00e1lnu strat\u00e9giu.<\/p>\n

Tak\u00fdto scen\u00e1r je extr\u00e9mny, ale technicky mo\u017en\u00fd, preto\u017ee E\u00da m\u00e1 kontrolu nad t\u00fdm, \u010do sa v r\u00e1mci jej \u00fazemia m\u00f4\u017ee prev\u00e1dzkova\u0165. Google by teoreticky mohol zablokova\u0165 slu\u017eby pre eur\u00f3pskych pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov, ale riskoval by ve\u013ek\u00e9 pokuty a po\u0161kodenie reput\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n

Hoci E\u00da nem\u00f4\u017ee Google glob\u00e1lne zak\u00e1za\u0165, m\u00e1 \u0161irok\u00fd arzen\u00e1l pr\u00e1vnych n\u00e1strojov, ktor\u00e9 jej umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa obmedzi\u0165 slu\u017eby a vyn\u00fati\u0165 dodr\u017eiavanie regul\u00e1ci\u00ed. Antitrustov\u00e9 z\u00e1kony, GDPR, Digital Markets Act a Digital Services Act poskytuj\u00fa eur\u00f3pskym org\u00e1nom dostato\u010dn\u00fa pr\u00e1vomoc, aby firma zmenila svoje spr\u00e1vanie, alebo aby jej slu\u017eby boli pre eur\u00f3pskych pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov v\u00fdrazne obmedzen\u00e9. V praxi by \u201ez\u00e1kaz Google\u201c znamenal sk\u00f4r obmedzenie dostupnosti a funk\u010dnosti jeho slu\u017eieb v E\u00da ne\u017e celosvetov\u00fd z\u00e1kaz, ale aj to by bolo z\u00e1sadn\u00e9 pre miliardy pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov a eur\u00f3psky digit\u00e1lny trh.<\/p>\n

Jednoducho povedan\u00e9: E\u00da m\u00f4\u017ee \u201ezak\u00e1za\u0165 Google\u201c v praxi, ak firma nere\u0161pektuje eur\u00f3pske pr\u00e1vo, a to cez blokovanie slu\u017eieb, pokuty, regul\u00e1ciu d\u00e1t, obmedzenie invest\u00edci\u00ed a povinnosti gatekeepera. Celosvetovo v\u0161ak Google zost\u00e1va pod americkou jurisdikciou a E\u00da nem\u00e1 pr\u00e1vomoc zasahova\u0165 mimo svojho \u00fazemia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Google je obrovsk\u00e1 technologick\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 so s\u00eddlom v Silicon Valley v USA, ktor\u00e1 ovl\u00e1da mno\u017estvo slu\u017eieb a platforiem, vr\u00e1tane vyh\u013ead\u00e1vania, YouTube, Gmailu, Google Maps a Androidu. Jej glob\u00e1lna pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 rob\u00ed z Google prakticky neoddelite\u013en\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 internetu a digit\u00e1lneho \u017eivota mili\u00f3nov pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov. Ale \u010do by sa stalo, keby Eur\u00f3pska \u00fania, ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 vlastn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vomoci nad firmami […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31171","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exo-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31171","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31171"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31171\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31173,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31171\/revisions\/31173"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31171"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31171"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31171"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}