{"id":31264,"date":"2026-02-01T09:39:01","date_gmt":"2026-02-01T09:39:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/?p=31264"},"modified":"2026-02-01T09:39:26","modified_gmt":"2026-02-01T09:39:26","slug":"norska-firma-hydrov-eu-pripad-slovalco-ziar-nad-hronom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/norska-firma-hydrov-eu-pripad-slovalco-ziar-nad-hronom\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00f3rska firma Hydrov E\u00da, pr\u00edpad Slovalco \u017diar nad Hronom"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00f3rska Hydro narazila v E\u00da na cenu elektriny: pr\u00edpad Slovalco \u017diar nad Hronom<\/h1>\n

Ke\u010f n\u00f3rska spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Norsk Hydro<\/strong> obmedzila a n\u00e1sledne zastavila prim\u00e1rnu v\u00fdrobu hlin\u00edka v z\u00e1vode Slovalco v \u017diari nad Hronom<\/strong>, verejn\u00e1 debata sa r\u00fdchlo zjednodu\u0161ila: niekto vinil mana\u017ement, niekto slovensk\u00fa vl\u00e1du, in\u00ed \u201eBrusel\u201c. Skuto\u010dn\u00fd d\u00f4vod je v\u0161ak syst\u00e9mov\u00fd a ove\u013ea nepr\u00edjemnej\u0161\u00ed \u2013 eur\u00f3psky model tvorby cien elektriny<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd je pre energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd priemysel dlhodobo neudr\u017eate\u013en\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Hlin\u00edk a elektrina: nerozlu\u010dn\u00e1 dvojica<\/h2>\n

V\u00fdroba prim\u00e1rneho hlin\u00edka patr\u00ed medzi energeticky najn\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161ie priemyseln\u00e9 procesy. Elektrina tvor\u00ed 30 a\u017e 40 % celkov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch n\u00e1kladov<\/strong>. Ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00fdkyv v cene elektriny sa preto okam\u017eite premieta do ziskovosti alebo straty.<\/p>\n

Preto nie je n\u00e1hoda, \u017ee ve\u013ek\u00e9 hlinik\u00e1rne historicky vznikali tam, kde bola lacn\u00e1 a stabiln\u00e1 energia<\/strong> \u2013 pri vodn\u00fdch elektr\u00e1r\u0148ach, jadre alebo \u0161t\u00e1tom kontrolovan\u00fdch zdrojoch. Presne na tomto princ\u00edpe vyr\u00e1stla aj n\u00f3rska Hydro.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3rsko vs. Eur\u00f3pska \u00fania: dva odli\u0161n\u00e9 svety<\/h2>\n

V N\u00f3rsku poch\u00e1dza viac ako 90 % elektriny z vodn\u00fdch elektr\u00e1rn\u00ed. \u0160t\u00e1t dlhodobo umo\u017e\u0148uje energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9mu priemyslu uzatv\u00e1ra\u0165 dlhodob\u00e9 fixn\u00e9 kontrakty<\/strong> za predv\u00eddate\u013en\u00e9 ceny. Energia sa tam pova\u017euje za strategick\u00fa infra\u0161trukt\u00faru, nie len za burzov\u00fd tovar.<\/p>\n

Eur\u00f3pska \u00fania ide opa\u010dnou cestou. Elektrina sa obchoduje na liberalizovanom trhu, kde cenu neur\u010duje priemer n\u00e1kladov, ale tzv. marginal pricing<\/strong> \u2013 hrani\u010dn\u00e9 oce\u0148ovanie.<\/p>\n

Ako funguje \u201eplynov\u00e1 cena\u201c elektriny<\/h2>\n

V eur\u00f3pskom syst\u00e9me sa elektrina vyr\u00e1ba z r\u00f4znych zdrojov: vodn\u00fdch, jadrov\u00fdch, uho\u013en\u00fdch aj plynov\u00fdch elektr\u00e1rn\u00ed. Aby sa pokryl dopyt, zap\u00e1jaj\u00fa sa zdroje od najlacnej\u0161\u00edch po najdrah\u0161ie.<\/p>\n

Cenu pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch v\u0161ak ur\u010duje posledn\u00fd, najdrah\u0161\u00ed zdroj<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd je e\u0161te potrebn\u00e9 zapn\u00fa\u0165 \u2013 a t\u00fdm je ve\u013emi \u010dasto plyn<\/strong>. V\u00fdsledok je paradoxn\u00fd:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • jadrov\u00e1 elektrina sa pred\u00e1va za plynov\u00fa cenu,<\/li>\n
  • vodn\u00e1 elektrina sa pred\u00e1va za plynov\u00fa cenu,<\/li>\n
  • priemysel plat\u00ed plynov\u00fa cenu, aj ke\u010f plyn v\u00f4bec nepou\u017e\u00edva.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Presne toto sa stalo aj v pr\u00edpade Slovalca. Z\u00e1vod v \u017diari nad Hronom nep\u00e1lil plyn<\/strong>, no elektrinu nakupoval za ceny, ktor\u00e9 boli ur\u010den\u00e9 plynovou kr\u00edzou v rokoch 2021 \u2013 2022.<\/p>\n

    Dvojit\u00fd \u00fader: elektrina a emisn\u00e9 povolenky<\/h2>\n

    K vysok\u00fdm cen\u00e1m elektriny sa prid\u00e1va e\u0161te jeden faktor \u2013 syst\u00e9m emisn\u00fdch povoleniek ETS<\/strong>. Aj ke\u010f hlinik\u00e1re\u0148 priamo neprodukuje ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo CO\u2082, emisn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady sa pren\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa do ceny elektriny.<\/p>\n

    To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee podnik plat\u00ed:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • vy\u0161\u0161iu burzov\u00fa cenu elektriny,<\/li>\n
    • vy\u0161\u0161iu cenu sp\u00f4soben\u00fa povolenkami,<\/li>\n
    • bez istoty, \u017ee o rok nebude cena e\u0161te vy\u0161\u0161ia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Pre investora je tak\u00fdto mix toxick\u00fd<\/strong>. Bez predv\u00eddate\u013enosti sa ned\u00e1 pl\u00e1nova\u0165 v\u00fdroba, invest\u00edcie ani zamestnanos\u0165.<\/p>\n

      Pre\u010do slovensk\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1t nemohol kona\u0165 r\u00fdchlo<\/h2>\n

      Slovensk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da opakovane signalizovala snahu pom\u00f4c\u0165 \u2013 \u010di u\u017e formou lacnej\u0161ej elektriny, dlhodob\u00fdch kontraktov alebo kompenz\u00e1ci\u00ed vysok\u00fdch cien. Tu v\u0161ak nar\u00e1\u017eame na \u010fal\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m: pravidl\u00e1 \u0161t\u00e1tnej pomoci E\u00da<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

      Ka\u017ed\u00e1 forma zv\u00fdhodnenia pre konkr\u00e9tny podnik mus\u00ed by\u0165 notifikovan\u00e1 a schv\u00e1len\u00e1 Eur\u00f3pskou komisiou. Proces trv\u00e1 mesiace a\u017e roky a medzit\u00fdm v\u00fdroba stoj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

      N\u00f3rsko, ktor\u00e9 nie je \u010dlenom E\u00da, m\u00e1 v tomto smere ove\u013ea v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu flexibilitu. \u0160t\u00e1t a priemysel sa dok\u00e1\u017eu dohodn\u00fa\u0165 priamo.<\/p>\n

      Racion\u00e1lne rozhodnutie, nie politick\u00fd odchod<\/h2>\n

      Rozhodnutie Hydro obmedzi\u0165 v\u00fdrobu v \u017diari nebolo ideologick\u00e9 ani politick\u00e9. Bolo \u010disto ekonomick\u00e9. Firma porovnala:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • lacn\u00fa, stabiln\u00fa energiu doma,<\/li>\n
      • nepredv\u00eddate\u013en\u00fa a drah\u00fa energiu v E\u00da,<\/li>\n
      • regula\u010dn\u00fa neistotu a pomal\u00e9 reakcie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        V\u00fdsledok bol jednozna\u010dn\u00fd. Prim\u00e1rna v\u00fdroba hlin\u00edka v Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanii sa za t\u00fdchto podmienok prest\u00e1va opl\u00e1ca\u0165.<\/p>\n

        Z\u00e1ver: syst\u00e9mov\u00fd probl\u00e9m, nie lok\u00e1lna chyba<\/h2>\n

        Pr\u00edpad Slovalco nie je slovensk\u00e1 anom\u00e1lia, ale uk\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fd pr\u00edklad zlyhania eur\u00f3pskeho energetick\u00e9ho modelu<\/strong>. K\u00fdm sa cena elektriny bude ur\u010dova\u0165 pod\u013ea najdrah\u0161ieho zdroja a k\u00fdm nebude umo\u017enen\u00fd pr\u00edstup k dlhodob\u00fdm stabiln\u00fdm kontraktom, energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd priemysel bude z Eur\u00f3py odch\u00e1dza\u0165.<\/p>\n

        N\u00f3rska firma nenarazila na Slovensko. Narazila na syst\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd ignoruje fyzick\u00fa realitu v\u00fdroby a nahr\u00e1dza ju ideologick\u00fdm trhom.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        N\u00f3rska Hydro narazila v E\u00da na cenu elektriny: pr\u00edpad Slovalco \u017diar nad Hronom Ke\u010f n\u00f3rska spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Norsk Hydro obmedzila a n\u00e1sledne zastavila prim\u00e1rnu v\u00fdrobu hlin\u00edka v z\u00e1vode Slovalco v \u017diari nad Hronom, verejn\u00e1 debata sa r\u00fdchlo zjednodu\u0161ila: niekto vinil mana\u017ement, niekto slovensk\u00fa vl\u00e1du, in\u00ed \u201eBrusel\u201c. Skuto\u010dn\u00fd d\u00f4vod je v\u0161ak syst\u00e9mov\u00fd a ove\u013ea nepr\u00edjemnej\u0161\u00ed \u2013 eur\u00f3psky […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31264","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-exo-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31264","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31264"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31264\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31266,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31264\/revisions\/31266"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31264"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31264"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31264"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}