{"id":31854,"date":"2026-04-17T14:08:26","date_gmt":"2026-04-17T14:08:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/?p=31854"},"modified":"2026-04-17T14:18:38","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T14:18:38","slug":"nemecka-okupacia-norska-pre-britaniu-vazny-strategicky-problem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/nemecka-okupacia-norska-pre-britaniu-vazny-strategicky-problem\/","title":{"rendered":"Nemeck\u00e1 okup\u00e1cia N\u00f3rska, pre Brit\u00e1niu v\u00e1\u017eny strategick\u00fd probl\u00e9m"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00f3rsko ako strategick\u00fd probl\u00e9m a oper\u00e1cia Anklet<\/h1>\n

Nemeck\u00e1 okup\u00e1cia N\u00f3rska predstavovala pre Brit\u00e1niu v\u00e1\u017eny strategick\u00fd probl\u00e9m. Dlh\u00e9 a \u010dlenit\u00e9 pobre\u017eie s mno\u017estvom fjordov poskytovalo ide\u00e1lne \u00fato\u010disk\u00e1 pre nemeck\u00e9 lode. S\u00fastava ostrovov pozd\u013a\u017e pobre\u017eia z\u00e1rove\u0148 umo\u017e\u0148ovala bezpe\u010dn\u00fd pohyb konvojov bez nutnosti vystavova\u0165 sa otvoren\u00e9mu moru, kde by ich mohla napadn\u00fa\u0165 britsk\u00e1 flotila.<\/p>\n

Dod\u00e1vky \u017eeleznej rudy, k\u013e\u00fa\u010dovej pre nemeck\u00fd vojnov\u00fd priemysel, tak mohli prebieha\u0165 relat\u00edvne bezpe\u010dne. Od augusta 1941 navy\u0161e okupovan\u00e9 N\u00f3rsko ohrozovalo aj spojeneck\u00e9 konvoje smeruj\u00face do Sovietskeho zv\u00e4zu. Hrozba nemeck\u00fdch bojov\u00fdch lod\u00ed bola neust\u00e1le pr\u00edtomn\u00e1 \u2013 hoci bola bitevn\u00e1 lo\u010f Bismarck potopen\u00e1, jej sestersk\u00e1 lo\u010f Tirpitz sa bl\u00ed\u017eila k bojovej pripravenosti a predstavovala v\u00e1\u017enu hrozbu pre severoatlantick\u00e9 trasy.<\/p>\n

Pl\u00e1ny na demon\u0161tr\u00e1ciu sily<\/h2>\n

Popri pl\u00e1novanom n\u00e1jazde na ostrov V\u00e5gs\u00f8y chcelo britsk\u00e9 n\u00e1morn\u00edctvo uskuto\u010dni\u0165 aj rozsiahlej\u0161iu oper\u00e1ciu, ktor\u00e1 by demon\u0161trovala silu a naru\u0161ila nemeck\u00e9 n\u00e1morn\u00e9 l\u00ednie v oblasti Lofotsk\u00fdch ostrovov. Cie\u013eom bolo zasiahnu\u0165 pobre\u017en\u00fa dopravu, preru\u0161i\u0165 dod\u00e1vky a naru\u0161i\u0165 v\u00fdvoz \u017eeleznej rudy z oblasti Narviku.<\/p>\n

P\u00f4vodn\u00fd pl\u00e1n po\u010d\u00edtal s vysaden\u00edm pribli\u017ene 3 500 vojakov, ktor\u00ed by obsadili vybran\u00e9 mest\u00e1 a dediny a vybudovali pobre\u017en\u00e9 a protileteck\u00e9 obrann\u00e9 postavenia. Flotila mala operova\u0165 z chr\u00e1nen\u00e9ho kotviska a vykon\u00e1va\u0165 \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 oper\u00e1cie proti nemeck\u00fdm lodiam.<\/p>\n

Rizik\u00e1 a \u00faprava pl\u00e1nu<\/h2>\n

Oper\u00e1cia v\u0161ak niesla zna\u010dn\u00e9 rizik\u00e1. Oblas\u0165 bola mimo dosahu britsk\u00e9ho letectva zo \u0160k\u00f3tska, \u010do znamenalo, \u017ee jednotky by boli odk\u00e1zan\u00e9 len na vlastn\u00fa obranu proti \u00fatokom Luftwaffe. Admir\u00e1l Sir John Tovey, velite\u013e dom\u00e1cej flotily, vyjadril obavy, \u017ee Nemci zareaguj\u00fa r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie, ne\u017e sa o\u010dak\u00e1valo, a \u017ee leteck\u00e9 aj pozemn\u00e9 posily dorazia v priebehu nieko\u013ek\u00fdch dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"Nemeck\u00e1<\/p>\n

Navrhol preto zmen\u0161i\u0165 rozsah oper\u00e1cie \u2013 zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 po\u010det vojakov a spolieha\u0165 sa viac na protileteck\u00fa ochranu lod\u00ed. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 pouk\u00e1zal na to, \u017ee pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 podmienky, ako strm\u00e9 \u00fatesy a horsk\u00fd ter\u00e9n, m\u00f4\u017eu poskytn\u00fa\u0165 ur\u010dit\u00fa ochranu pred leteck\u00fdmi \u00fatokmi.<\/p>\n

Oper\u00e1cia Anklet<\/h2>\n

Upraven\u00fd pl\u00e1n bol schv\u00e1len\u00fd a dostal kryc\u00ed n\u00e1zov Oper\u00e1cia Anklet. Jej cie\u013e zostal nezmenen\u00fd \u2013 naru\u0161i\u0165 nemeck\u00e9 z\u00e1sobovacie l\u00ednie v severnom N\u00f3rsku a najm\u00e4 transport \u017eeleznej rudy z Narviku. Trvanie oper\u00e1cie malo by\u0165 krat\u0161ie ne\u017e p\u00f4vodne pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 tri t\u00fd\u017edne, no st\u00e1le ne\u0161lo o r\u00fdchly n\u00e1jazd, ale o dlh\u0161ie p\u00f4sobenie v oblasti.<\/p>\n

Flotila pridelen\u00e1 oper\u00e1cii, zn\u00e1ma ako Force \u201eJ\u201c, bola impozantn\u00e1. Zah\u0155\u0148ala kr\u00ed\u017enik, osem torp\u00e9doborcov r\u00f4znych tried, n\u00f3rske korvety, m\u00ednolovky, ponorku, pomocn\u00e9 plavidl\u00e1, tankery a transportn\u00e9 lode. V\u00fdsadkov\u00e9 jednotky tvorili pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci 12. komanda, pozorovatelia zo SOE a vojaci n\u00f3rskej exilovej brig\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n

Oper\u00e1cia Anklet mala by\u0165 viac ne\u017e len \u00fatokom \u2013 predstavovala pokus o naru\u0161enie nemeckej kontroly nad pobre\u017e\u00edm a z\u00e1rove\u0148 test schopnosti spojencov vykon\u00e1va\u0165 komplexn\u00e9 oper\u00e1cie v n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch podmienkach severn\u00e9ho Atlantiku.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u00f3rsko ako strategick\u00fd probl\u00e9m a oper\u00e1cia Anklet Nemeck\u00e1 okup\u00e1cia N\u00f3rska predstavovala pre Brit\u00e1niu v\u00e1\u017eny strategick\u00fd probl\u00e9m. Dlh\u00e9 a \u010dlenit\u00e9 pobre\u017eie s mno\u017estvom fjordov poskytovalo ide\u00e1lne \u00fato\u010disk\u00e1 pre nemeck\u00e9 lode. S\u00fastava ostrovov pozd\u013a\u017e pobre\u017eia z\u00e1rove\u0148 umo\u017e\u0148ovala bezpe\u010dn\u00fd pohyb konvojov bez nutnosti vystavova\u0165 sa otvoren\u00e9mu moru, kde by ich mohla napadn\u00fa\u0165 britsk\u00e1 flotila. Dod\u00e1vky \u017eeleznej rudy, k\u013e\u00fa\u010dovej […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31854","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knihy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31854","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31854"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31854\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31859,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31854\/revisions\/31859"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31854"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31854"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31854"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}