{"id":32242,"date":"2026-05-31T20:35:59","date_gmt":"2026-05-31T20:35:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/?p=32242"},"modified":"2026-05-31T20:43:45","modified_gmt":"2026-05-31T20:43:45","slug":"perzania-verzus-asyrcania-kto-bol-brutalnejsi-imperialista","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/perzania-verzus-asyrcania-kto-bol-brutalnejsi-imperialista\/","title":{"rendered":"Per\u017eania verzus As\u00fdr\u010dania: Kto bol brut\u00e1lnej\u0161\u00ed imperialista?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Ke\u010f sa dnes hovor\u00ed o Perzskej r\u00ed\u0161i, \u010dasto sa spom\u00edna ako pomerne \u201etolerantn\u00e1\u201c ve\u013emoc. K\u00fdros Ve\u013ek\u00fd prepustil \u017didov z babylonsk\u00e9ho zajatia, Darius budoval cesty a Xerxes mal obrovsk\u00fa arm\u00e1du. V porovnan\u00ed s As\u00fdr\u010danmi to naozaj vyzer\u00e1 ako ve\u013ek\u00fd pokrok. No je to naozaj tak?<\/p>\n<h1>As\u00fdr\u010dania \u2013 majstri teroru 9. \u2013 7. storo\u010die pred n. l.<\/h1>\n<p>As\u00fdrska r\u00ed\u0161a (najm\u00e4 za vl\u00e1dy kr\u00e1\u013eov ako A\u0161\u0161urnasirpal II., \u0160almaneser III., Sargon II. a Sennacherib) bola postaven\u00e1 na systematickom terore. Ich reli\u00e9fy z Ninive a Nimrudu s\u00fa desiv\u00e9:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Masov\u00e9 popravy \u2013 tis\u00edce \u013eud\u00ed nabodnut\u00fdch na koly okolo dobyt\u00fdch miest<\/li>\n<li>Odrez\u00e1vanie kon\u010dat\u00edn, vypich\u00e1vanie o\u010d\u00ed, s\u0165ahovanie ko\u017ee za\u017eiva (flaying)<\/li>\n<li>Deport\u00e1cie cel\u00fdch n\u00e1rodov (napr. 27 000 Izraelitov z Sam\u00e1rie v roku 722 pred n. l.)<\/li>\n<li>Kr\u00e1\u013e A\u0161\u0161urbanipal sa chv\u00e1lil, \u017ee \u201enaplnil krajinu m\u0155tvolami ako trstinou\u201c a nechal psov \u017era\u0165 tel\u00e1 nepriate\u013eov<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>As\u00fdr\u010dania z\u00e1merne \u0161\u00edrili hr\u00f4zu, aby sa mest\u00e1 vzd\u00e1vali bez boja. Ich politika bola: \u201eBu\u010f sa podrob\u00ed\u0161, alebo \u0165a vyhlad\u00edme.\u201c<\/p>\n<h2>Per\u017eania \u2013 brut\u00e1lnos\u0165 zabalen\u00e1 v tolerancii<\/h2>\n<p>Per\u017eania (Achajmenovsk\u00e1 r\u00ed\u0161a) prist\u00fapili k veci sofistikovanej\u0161ie. K\u00fdros Ve\u013ek\u00fd dobyl v roku 539 pred n. l. Babylon a vydal sl\u00e1vny **K\u00fdrov valec** \u2013 propagandistick\u00fd text, v ktorom sa predstavuje ako oslobodite\u013e. No ke\u010f sa oto\u010dil na v\u00fdchod, k Massagetom, t\u00e1to \u201etolerancia\u201c sa vyparila.<\/p>\n<p>Jeho n\u00e1stupca **Darius I.** (522\u2013486 pred n. l.) potla\u010dil mno\u017estvo povstan\u00ed s ve\u013ekou brutalitou. Na **Behistunskom reli\u00e9fe** dal vyry\u0165 19 povstan\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 potla\u010dil. Skunxa (pravdepodobn\u00fd n\u00e1stupca Tomyris) je tam zobrazen\u00fd ako zajatec s rukami za chrbtom a \u0161picatou sk\u00fdtskou \u010diapkou. Darius sa chv\u00e1li, \u017ee mu u\u0165al nos a u\u0161i, nabodol ho a nechal ho visie\u0165 na kr\u00ed\u017ei.<\/p>\n<h2>Porovnanie<\/h2>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>Krit\u00e9rium<\/th>\n<th>As\u00fdr\u010dania<\/th>\n<th>Per\u017eania<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Brutalita<\/td>\n<td>Extr\u00e9mna, otvoren\u00e1, sadistick\u00e1 (s\u0165ahovanie ko\u017ee, masov\u00e9 popravy)<\/td>\n<td>Vysok\u00e1, ale cielen\u00e1 a propagandisticky skryt\u00e1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Propaganda<\/td>\n<td>\u201ePozrite, ako ich mu\u010d\u00edme a zab\u00edjame\u201c<\/td>\n<td>\u201eSme spravodliv\u00ed, tolerantn\u00ed a ve\u013ek\u00ed\u201c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Pr\u00edklad<\/td>\n<td>Sennacherib zni\u010dil Babylon v roku 689 pred n. l., zasypal ho zemou<\/td>\n<td>Darius potla\u010dil povstanie v Elame a M\u00e9dii s masov\u00fdmi popravami<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Image<\/td>\n<td>Krvila\u010dn\u00ed barbari<\/td>\n<td>Osvieten\u00ed vl\u00e1dcovia (aj ke\u010f to nie je celkom pravda)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>Per\u017eania neboli o to\u013eko menej brut\u00e1lni ako As\u00fdr\u010dania. Boli len **inteligentnej\u0161\u00ed v marketingu**. As\u00fdr\u010dania stra\u0161ili otvorene, Per\u017eania stra\u0161ili s \u00fasmevom a re\u010dami o tolerancii a poriadku.<\/p>\n<p>Tomyris a Massageti im obom uk\u00e1zali pravdu \u2013 nie ka\u017ed\u00fd n\u00e1rod chce by\u0165 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou ich \u201eve\u013ek\u00e9ho civiliza\u010dn\u00e9ho projektu\u201c. Niekedy je lep\u0161ie zosta\u0165 slobodn\u00fdm bojovn\u00edkom v stepi, ako skon\u010di\u0165 na perzskom reli\u00e9fe s rukami za chrbtom.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Moralita pr\u00edbehu:<\/strong> Ka\u017ed\u00e9 imp\u00e9rium sa tv\u00e1ri ako lep\u0161ie ako to predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face. As\u00fdr\u010dania to nerobili v\u00f4bec. Per\u017eania to robili majstrovsky. A obaja skon\u010dili rovnako \u2013 v zabudnut\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ke\u010f sa dnes hovor\u00ed o Perzskej r\u00ed\u0161i, \u010dasto sa spom\u00edna ako pomerne \u201etolerantn\u00e1\u201c ve\u013emoc. K\u00fdros Ve\u013ek\u00fd prepustil \u017didov z babylonsk\u00e9ho zajatia, Darius budoval cesty a Xerxes mal obrovsk\u00fa arm\u00e1du. V porovnan\u00ed s As\u00fdr\u010danmi to naozaj vyzer\u00e1 ako ve\u013ek\u00fd pokrok. No je to naozaj tak? As\u00fdr\u010dania \u2013 majstri teroru 9. \u2013 7. storo\u010die pred n. l. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-historia-anatolij-fomenko"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32242","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32242"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32242\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32246,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32242\/revisions\/32246"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32242"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32242"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32242"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}