{"id":9391,"date":"2021-01-29T20:39:27","date_gmt":"2021-01-29T20:39:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/?p=9391"},"modified":"2021-01-29T20:39:27","modified_gmt":"2021-01-29T20:39:27","slug":"vylepsene-vakciny-covid-19-ucinne-proti-novym-variantom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/vylepsene-vakciny-covid-19-ucinne-proti-novym-variantom\/","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u00e9 vakc\u00edny COVID-19, \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 proti nov\u00fdm variantom"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nov\u00e9 vakc\u00edny na koronav\u00edrus COVID-19 ich udr\u017eia \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 proti nov\u00fdm variantom. Vedci nevedia, ak\u00e9 hladiny protil\u00e1tok proti koronav\u00edrusu chr\u00e1nia pred chorobami. Od po\u010diatkov pand\u00e9mie COVID-19 odborn\u00edci varovali, \u017ee prv\u00e1 v\u00e1rka vakc\u00edn vytvoren\u00fdch proti v\u00edrusu nemus\u00ed by\u0165 posledn\u00e1. Rovnako ako v\u0161etky v\u00edrusy, aj tento by mutoval a nakoniec by tieto mut\u00e1cie mohli sp\u00f4sobi\u0165, \u017ee sa v\u00edrus bude dostato\u010dne l\u00ed\u0161i\u0165, tak\u017ee na boj s n\u00edm bude potrebn\u00e1 in\u00e1 vakc\u00edna. Iba dva mesiace po o\u010dkovacej kampani sa vedci pripravuj\u00fa na t\u00fato nevyhnutnos\u0165. Vylep\u0161en\u00e9 vakc\u00edny!<\/p>\n

Z Ju\u017enej Afriky existuj\u00fa v\u010dasn\u00e9 d\u00f4kazy, \u017ee kandid\u00e1ti na o\u010dkovaciu l\u00e1tku Novavax aj Johnson a Johnson nie s\u00fa tak\u00ed efekt\u00edvni proti variantnej forme v\u00edrusu, ktor\u00e1 sa v krajine prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t identifikovala, naz\u00fdvanej B.1.351. St\u00e1le pon\u00fakaj\u00fa ur\u010dit\u00fa obranu a st\u00e1le chr\u00e1nia pred hospitaliz\u00e1ciou a smr\u0165ou. Predbe\u017en\u00fd v\u00fdskum nazna\u010duje, \u017ee vakc\u00edny COVID-19 u\u017e povolen\u00e9 v USA, vyroben\u00e9 spolo\u010dnos\u0165ami Moderna a Pfizer \/ BioNTech, bud\u00fa aj na\u010falej blokova\u0165 tento variant. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Nov\u00e9 vakc\u00edny na koronav\u00edrus, Moderna, Pfizer \/ BioNTech
produkuj\u00fa protil\u00e1tky, proti nov\u00fdm variantom<\/h1>\n

S t\u00fdmto kme\u0148om boli hl\u00e1sen\u00e9 v USA tento t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148. A aj ke\u010f sa zd\u00e1, \u017ee jej vakc\u00edna je proti tejto variante \u010diasto\u010dne \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1, farmaceutick\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Moderna tento t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148 ozn\u00e1mila, \u017ee za\u010d\u00edna s pr\u00e1cami na \u010fal\u0161ej verzii svojej vakc\u00edny COVID-19. Konkr\u00e9tnej\u0161ie bude zameran\u00fd na B.1.351. Je to dobr\u00fd krok na z\u00e1klade toho, \u010do vedci zatia\u013e vedia, hovor\u00ed Dylan Morris, ktor\u00fd \u0161tuduje v\u00edrusov\u00fa evol\u00faciu na Kalifornskej univerzite v Los Angeles. “Povedal by som, \u017ee je to sk\u00f4r obozretn\u00e9 ne\u017e n\u00fadzov\u00e9,” hovor\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"Nov\u00e9<\/p>\n

Nov\u00fd v\u00fdskum uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee krv odobrat\u00e1 \u013eu\u010fom o\u010dkovan\u00fdm vakc\u00ednou Moderna COVID-19 mala protil\u00e1tky, ktor\u00e9 blokovali v\u00edrus B.1.351. Blokova\u0165 tento kme\u0148 im v\u0161ak trvalo asi \u0161es\u0165kr\u00e1t viac ako prevl\u00e1daj\u00facej forme v\u00edrusu, proti ktor\u00e9mu bola vakc\u00edna navrhnut\u00e1. Vakc\u00edna COVID-19 od spolo\u010dnosti Pfizer a BioNTech tie\u017e produkuje protil\u00e1tky, ktor\u00e9 blokuj\u00fa v\u00edrusy s mut\u00e1ciami nach\u00e1dzaj\u00facimi sa na B.1.351, hoci ich je potrebn\u00fdch o nie\u010do viac, uk\u00e1zal predbe\u017en\u00fd v\u00fdskum.<\/p>\n

Obidve povolen\u00e9 vakc\u00edny od za\u010diatku produkuj\u00fa a\u017e ve\u013emi vysok\u00e9 hladiny protil\u00e1tok, tak\u017ee existuje ur\u010dit\u00fd priestor pre mierny pokles potencie. Tento vysok\u00fd v\u00fdchodiskov\u00fd bod znamen\u00e1, \u017ee existuje viac tlmenia proti zmen\u00e1m v\u00edrusu, uviedol na tla\u010dovom br\u00edfingu minul\u00fd t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148 Anthony Fauci, riadite\u013e N\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu pre alergie a infek\u010dn\u00e9 choroby.<\/p>\n

Jedn\u00fdm z d\u00f4vodov, pre\u010do m\u00f4\u017ee spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Moderna st\u00e1le chcie\u0165 aktualizova\u0165 svoju vakc\u00ednu, je udr\u017eiavanie t\u00fdchto p\u00f4sobiv\u00fdch hlad\u00edn protil\u00e1tok<\/strong>, hovor\u00ed Stephen Goldstein, ktor\u00fd \u0161tuduje evolu\u010dn\u00fa virol\u00f3giu na univerzite v Utahu. Dodato\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdstrel zameran\u00fd na zameranie nov\u00e9ho variantu by teoreticky mohol zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 protil\u00e1tkov\u00fa odpove\u010f tela, a to aj proti hrozivej\u0161iemu nepriate\u013eovi. <\/p>\n

\u201eS t\u00fdmito nov\u00fdmi variantmi sme v dobrej kond\u00edcii minim\u00e1lne nasleduj\u00face mesiace, ale mo\u017eno by sme sa chceli vr\u00e1ti\u0165 k skuto\u010dne vysokej \u00farovni neutralizuj\u00facich protil\u00e1tok, ktor\u00e1 je charakteristickou \u010drtou t\u00fdchto vakc\u00edn\u201c.<\/p>\n

\u010cas\u0165 neistoty prich\u00e1dza preto, lebo vedci st\u00e1le nevedia, ak\u00e9 hladiny protil\u00e1tok mus\u00ed niekto generova\u0165, aby bol chr\u00e1nen\u00fd pred COVID-19.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

“Nem\u00f4\u017eeme len urobi\u0165 experiment v laborat\u00f3riu a poveda\u0165, \u017ee je \u010das na aktualiz\u00e1ciu vakc\u00edny,” hovor\u00ed Goldstein. <\/p>\n

Existuje nieko\u013eko r\u00f4znych sp\u00f4sobov, ako m\u00f4\u017eu vedci vyl\u00fa\u010di\u0165 niektor\u00e9 dohady z rovnice. Vedci mohli zmera\u0165 hladinu protil\u00e1tok u \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed boli o\u010dkovan\u00ed, ale napriek tomu ochoreli na COVID-19, a ur\u010di\u0165 hranicu, pri ktorej vakc\u00edna nechr\u00e1nila. Mohli by tie\u017e porovna\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 novej vakc\u00edny, ktor\u00e1 generuje vysok\u00fa protil\u00e1tkov\u00fa odpove\u010f, so star\u0161ou verziou tejto vakc\u00edny s ni\u017e\u0161ou \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165ou. <\/p>\n

M\u00f4\u017eu fungova\u0165 aj zvieracie modely. V decembri sa t\u00edm zaoberal vz\u0165ahom medzi ochranou a po\u010dtom protil\u00e1tok u op\u00edc a zistil, \u017ee v\u00edrus blokuje relat\u00edvne n\u00edzka hladina.<\/p>\n

\u201e\u013dudia sa sna\u017eia toto zmera\u0165 a sna\u017eia sa z\u00edska\u0165 lep\u0161\u00ed obraz o tom, \u010do n\u00e1m \u013eahko merate\u013en\u00e9 veci – napr\u00edklad protil\u00e1tky – hovoria o veciach, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1s najviac zauj\u00edmaj\u00fa, a to, ako dobre v\u00e1s m\u00f4\u017eu chr\u00e1ni\u0165. proti chorobe, \u201chovor\u00ed Morris.<\/p>\n

Vedci u\u017e maj\u00fa tieto inform\u00e1cie o zn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edch v\u00edrusoch, ako je chr\u00edpka . Vedci a regula\u010dn\u00e9 org\u00e1ny vedia, ak\u00e9 hladiny protil\u00e1tok mus\u00ed vakc\u00edna proti chr\u00edpke generova\u0165, aby bola zabezpe\u010den\u00e1 dostato\u010dn\u00e1 ochrana proti chr\u00edpke<\/strong>. Na to, aby otestovali, ak\u00fd efekt\u00edvny je nov\u00fd z\u00e1sah proti chr\u00edpke, nemusia absolvova\u0165 plnohodnotn\u00e9 klinick\u00e9 sk\u00fa\u0161anie. Namiesto toho \u00darad pre potraviny a lie\u010div\u00e1 schv\u00e1li nov\u00e9 o\u010dkovacie l\u00e1tky proti chr\u00edpke na z\u00e1klade protil\u00e1tkovej odpovede, ktor\u00fa vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa pri sk\u00fa\u0161ke v malej skupine pacientov.<\/p>\n

Len \u010do vakc\u00edna proti chr\u00edpke spln\u00ed t\u00fato hrani\u010dn\u00fa hodnotu a bude schv\u00e1len\u00e1, m\u00f4\u017ee ju t\u00e1to spolo\u010dnos\u0165 upravi\u0165 proti ka\u017ed\u00e9mu nov\u00e9mu kme\u0148u sez\u00f3nnej chr\u00edpky bez toho, aby musela zhroma\u017e\u010fova\u0165 nov\u00e9 klinick\u00e9 \u00fadaje. <\/p>\n

V ide\u00e1lnom pr\u00edpade bud\u00fa vedci nakoniec schopn\u00ed urobi\u0165 nie\u010do podobn\u00e9 pre vakc\u00edny COVID-19.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

M\u00f4\u017ee to trva\u0165 nieko\u013eko mesiacov, k\u00fdm dobre pochop\u00edme mno\u017estvo imunitnej odpovede, ktor\u00e1 zodpoved\u00e1 ochrane pred COVID-19. Ak tak urobia, FDA sa m\u00f4\u017ee podp\u00edsa\u0165 na aktualizovan\u00fdch alebo posil\u0148ovac\u00edch vakc\u00ednach na z\u00e1klade \u00fadajov, ktor\u00e9 ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee nov\u00e1 verzia m\u00f4\u017ee tla\u010di\u0165 telo na generovanie tejto \u00farovne imunitnej odpovede, a nie po\u017eadova\u0165, aby spolo\u010dnosti pre\u0161li klinick\u00fdmi sk\u00fa\u0161kami.<\/p>\n

\u201eFDA u\u017e uva\u017eovala o v\u00fdvoji mo\u017enej cesty, ak by bolo potrebn\u00e9 urobi\u0165 zmeny v autorizovan\u00fdch vakc\u00ednach COVID-19 alebo in\u00fdch produktoch na z\u00e1klade inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o nov\u00fdch variantoch,\u201c tweetovala \u00faraduj\u00faca komis\u00e1rka FDA Janet Woodcock.<\/p>\n

Rozhodnutie vyrobi\u0165 ak\u00e9ko\u013evek posil\u0148ovacie d\u00e1vky a upraven\u00e9 vakc\u00edny by malo zoh\u013eadni\u0165 aj to, ko\u013eko novej formy v\u00edrusu cirkuluje v danej oblasti, hovor\u00ed Goldstein. Moment\u00e1lne existuj\u00fa iba dva potvrden\u00e9 pr\u00edpady \u013eud\u00ed v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch infikovan\u00fdch v\u00edrusov\u00fdm kme\u0148om B.1.351, aj ke\u010f m\u00f4\u017eu existova\u0165 \u010fal\u0161ie, ktor\u00e9 neboli identifikovan\u00e9. <\/p>\n

“Mimo Juhoafrickej republiky je to st\u00e1le dos\u0165 zriedkav\u00e9, tak\u017ee nechceme o\u010dkova\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed v USA proti kme\u0148u, ktor\u00fd sa v USA nenach\u00e1dza,” hovor\u00ed Goldstein.<\/p>\n

Nakoniec by sa to mohlo roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165 a malo by zmysel d\u00e1va\u0165 \u013eu\u010fom t\u00fato \u010fal\u0161iu ochranu. Preto je povzbudiv\u00e9, \u017ee spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Moderna teraz pripravuje posil\u0148ova\u010de. “Chceme by\u0165 pripraven\u00ed pre pr\u00edpad, \u017ee sa v\u00edrus roz\u0161\u00edri,” hovor\u00ed Goldstein. V bud\u00facnosti by sa tie\u017e mohli objavi\u0165 \u010fal\u0161ie kmene koronav\u00edrusu, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 vyhn\u00fa\u0165 sa existuj\u00facim vakc\u00ednam. <\/p>\n

“Mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee bude naozaj dobr\u00e9, aby sme technologick\u00fa a regula\u010dn\u00fa str\u00e1nku vec\u00ed zoradili vopred, \u010di a kedy budeme potrebova\u0165 aktualiz\u00e1ciu vakc\u00edny,” hovor\u00ed Morris.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nov\u00e9 vakc\u00edny na koronav\u00edrus COVID-19 ich udr\u017eia \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 proti nov\u00fdm variantom. Vedci nevedia, ak\u00e9 hladiny protil\u00e1tok proti koronav\u00edrusu chr\u00e1nia pred chorobami. Od po\u010diatkov pand\u00e9mie COVID-19 odborn\u00edci varovali, \u017ee prv\u00e1 v\u00e1rka vakc\u00edn vytvoren\u00fdch proti v\u00edrusu nemus\u00ed by\u0165 posledn\u00e1. Rovnako ako v\u0161etky v\u00edrusy, aj tento by mutoval a nakoniec by tieto mut\u00e1cie mohli sp\u00f4sobi\u0165, \u017ee sa v\u00edrus […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9391","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biohazard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9391","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9391"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9391\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9391"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9391"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/extraslovensko.sk\/spravy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9391"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}